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HALO7D III:基于中分辨率光谱的银河系晕星化学丰度

HALO7D III: Chemical Abundances of Milky Way Halo Stars from Medium Resolution Spectra

Kevin A. McKinnon, Emily C. Cunningham, Constance M. Rockosi, Puragra Guhathakurta, Ivanna Escala, Evan N. Kirby, Alis J. Deason

AI总结:

HALO7D巡天利用Keck II/DEIMOS光谱和哈勃自行数据测量113颗银河系晕恒星的化学丰度与速度各向异性,发现不同天区和金属丰度分箱间存在化学动力学差异,揭示银河系晕由不同前身天体以不同比例贡献构建。

摘要:

Lambda冷暗物质框架下的晕组装:七维观测(HALO7D)巡天测量银河系(MW)恒星晕中恒星的运动学和化学性质,以了解我们星系的形成过程。HALO7D由Keck II/DEIMOS光谱和哈勃空间望远镜测量的四个CANDELS天区中银河系晕主序拐点(MSTO)恒星的自行组成。HALO7D包含深度铅笔束观测,使其与其他当代宽场巡天形成互补。我们给出了113颗HALO7D恒星在银心径向距离约10-40 kpc范围内的[Fe/H]和[α/Fe]丰度。利用HALO7D完整的七维化学动力学数据(三维位置、三维速度和丰度),我们测量了每个天区以及不同金属丰度分箱子样本的晕速度椭球的速度各向异性β。我们发现四个天区中有两个天区的恒星处于高度径向轨道上,而其余两个天区的恒星处于更各向同性的轨道上。将每个天区的恒星分别在-2.2 dex和-1.1 dex处划分为高、中、低[Fe/H]分箱后,我们发现不同天区之间以及不同分箱之间的各向异性存在差异;一些天区在所有分箱中似乎以径向轨道为主,而其他天区则在[Fe/H]分箱之间表现出变化。这些化学动力学差异证明HALO7D天区中构建银河系恒星晕的前身天体具有不同的分数贡献。我们的结果突显了与恒星晕球面平均结果相比,在较小空间尺度上可获得的额外信息。

英文摘要:

The Halo Assembly in Lambda Cold Dark Matter: Observations in 7 Dimensions (HALO7D) survey measures the kinematics and chemical properties of stars in the Milky Way (MW) stellar halo to learn about the formation of our Galaxy. HALO7D consists of Keck II/DEIMOS spectroscopy and Hubble Space Telescope-measured proper motions of MW halo main sequence turn-off (MSTO) stars in the four CANDELS fields. HALO7D consists of deep pencil beams, making it complementary to other contemporary wide-field surveys. We present the [Fe/H] and [$α$/Fe] abundances for 113 HALO7D stars in the Galactocentric radial range of $\sim 10-40$ kpc. Using the full 7D chemodynamical data (3D positions, 3D velocities, and abundances) of HALO7D, we measure the velocity anisotropy, $β$, of the halo velocity ellipsoid for each field and for different metallicity-binned subsamples. We find that two of the four fields have stars on very radial orbits, while the remaining two have stars on more isotropic orbits. Separating the stars into high, mid, and low [Fe/H] bins at $-2.2$ dex and $-1.1$ dex for each field separately, we find differences in the anisotropies between the fields and between the bins; some fields appear dominated by radial orbits in all bins while other fields show variation between the [Fe/H] bins. These chemodynamical differences are evidence that the HALO7D fields have different fractional contributions from the progenitors that built up the MW stellar halo. Our results highlight the additional information that is available on smaller spatial scales when compared to results from a spherical average of the stellar halo.

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