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arXiv 2302.06137cs.DS
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次线性空间中的最大覆盖:更快

Maximum Coverage in Sublinear Space, Faster

Stephen Jaud, Anthony Wirth, Farhana Choudhury

AI总结:

针对流式最大集合覆盖的次线性空间算法,本文优化子采样的独立性要求,并用更简单机制替代 $F_0$-sketching,在保持近似质量的同时将速度提升数个数量级。

摘要:

给定来自全域 $\mathcal{U}$ 的 $m$ 个集合组成的集合族,最大集合覆盖问题在于找到 $k$ 个集合,使其并集的基数最大。该问题是 NP-Hard,但可以通过多项式时间算法以 $1-1/e$ 的近似比逼近其解。然而,该算法不能随输入规模良好扩展。在流式场景中,可以得到实用的高质量解,但其空间复杂度相对于全域大小 $|\mathcal{U}|$ 呈线性增长。尽管如此,已有一种随机流式算法被证明能够产生最优解的 $1-1/e-\varepsilon$ 近似,并且其空间复杂度相对于 $m$ 和 $|\mathcal{U}|$ 仅呈多对数增长。为实现如此低的空间复杂度,作者采用了一种称为子采样的技术,该技术基于独立型哈希函数以及 $F_0$-sketching。本文聚焦于这种次线性空间算法,并引入降低子采样时间成本的方法。首先,我们给出若干优化,这些优化不会改变原算法的空间复杂度、遍历次数和近似质量。特别地,我们重新分析了误差界,以表明原先为 $\Omega(\varepsilon^{-2} k \log m)$ 的独立因子可以被精细调整为 $\Omega(k \log m)$。其次,我们表明 $F_0$-sketching 可以被一种简单得多的机制替代。最后,我们的实验结果表明,即使是成对独立的哈希函数采样器,也不会产生比原算法更差的解,同时运行速度显著快几个数量级。

英文摘要:

Given a collection of $m$ sets from a universe $\mathcal{U}$, the Maximum Set Coverage problem consists of finding $k$ sets whose union has largest cardinality. This problem is NP-Hard, but the solution can be approximated by a polynomial time algorithm up to a factor $1-1/e$. However, this algorithm does not scale well with the input size. In a streaming context, practical high-quality solutions are found, but with space complexity that scales linearly with respect to the size of the universe $|\mathcal{U}|$. However, one randomized streaming algorithm has been shown to produce a $1-1/e-\varepsilon$ approximation of the optimal solution with a space complexity that scales only poly-logarithmically with respect to $m$ and $|\mathcal{U}|$. In order to achieve such a low space complexity, the authors used a technique called subsampling, based on independent-wise hash functions, and $F_0$-sketching. This article focuses on this sublinear-space algorithm and introduces methods to reduce the time cost of subsampling. Firstly, we give some optimizations that do not alter the space complexity, number of passes and approximation quality of the original algorithm. In particular, we reanalyze the error bounds to show that the original independence factor of $Ω(\varepsilon^{-2} k \log m)$ can be fine-tuned to $Ω(k \log m)$. Secondly we show that $F_0$-sketching can be replaced by a much more simple mechanism. Finally, our experimental results show that even a pairwise-independent hash-function sampler does not produce worse solution than the original algorithm, while running significantly faster by several orders of magnitude.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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