On generalized-Drazin inverses and GD-star matrices
Amit Kumar, Vaibhav Shekhar, Debasisha Mishra
备注：
We provide further results on GD inverses and introduce two new classes for square matrices called GD-star and GD-star-one using a GD inverse of a matrix
发表信息：
Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computing, 2023
Motivated by the works of Wang and Liu [Linear Algebra Appl., 488 (2016) 235-248; MR3419784] and Mosic [Results Math., 75(2) (2020) 1-21; MR4079761], we provide further results on GD inverses and introduce two new classes for square matrices called GD-star (generalized-Drazin-star) and GD-star-one (generalized-Drazin-star-one) using a GD inverse of a matrix. We then exploit their various properties and characterize them in terms of various generalized inverses. We establish a representation of a GD-star matrix by using the core-nilpotent decomposition and Hartwig-Spindelbock decomposition. We also define a binary relation called GD-star order using this class of matrices. Further, we obtain some analogous results for the class of star-GD matrices. Moreover, the reverse-order law and forward-order law for GD inverse along with its monotonicity criteria are obtained.
In this paper, we investigate additive properties of generalized Drazin inverse for linear operators in Banach spaces. Under new polynomial conditions on generalized Drazin invertible operators a and b, we prove their sum has generalized Drazin inverse and give explicit representations of the generalized inverse $(a+b)^d$.
Clines formula for the well known generalized inverses such as Drazin inverse, generalized Drazin inverse is extended to the case when $a(ba)^2=abaca=acaba=(ac)^2a$ . Applications are given to some interesting Banach space operators.
We present new generalized Jacobson's lemma for generalized Drazin inverses. This extend the main results on g-Drazin inverse of Yan, Zeng and Zhu (Linear $\&$ Multilinear Algebra, {\bf 68}(2020), 81--93).
Within the framework of the theory of the column and row determinants, we obtain new determinantal representations of the W-weighted Drazin inverse over the quaternion skew field. We give determinantal representations of the W-weighted Drazin inverse by using previously introduced determinantal representations of the Drazin inverse, the Moore-Penrose inverse, and the limit representations of the W-weighted Drazin inverse in some special case.
We present a new formula for the Drazin inverse of the sum of two complex matrices under weaker conditions with perturbations. By using this additive results, we establish new representations for the Drazin inverse of 2 \times 2 block complex matrix under certain new conditions involving perturbations.
We study properties of pseudo Drazin inverse in a Banach algebra with unity 1. If $ab=ba$ and $a,b$ are pseudo Drazin invertible, we prove that $a+b$ is pseudo Drazin invertible if and only if $1+a^‡b$ is pseudo Drazin invertible. Moreover, the formula of $(a+b)^‡$ is presented . When the commutative condition is weaken to $ab=λba ~(λ\neq 0)$, we also show that $a-b$ is pseudo Drazin invertible if and only if $aa^‡(a-b)bb^‡$ is pseudo Drazin invertible.
The aim of this work is to extend to finite potent endomorphisms the notion of G-Drazin inverse of a finite square matrix. Accordingly, we determine the structure and the properties of a G-Drazin inverse of a finite potent endomorphism and, as an application, we offer an algorithm to compute the explicit expression of all G-Drazin inverses of a finite square matrix.
Let $n\in {\Bbb N}$. An element $a\in R$ has generalized n-strongly Drazin inverse if there exists $x\in R$ such that $xax=x, x\in comm^2(a), a^n-ax\in R^{qnil}.$ For any $a,b\in R$, we prove that $1-ab$ has generalized n-strongly Drazin inverse if and only if $1-ba$ has generalized n-strongly Drazin inverse. Extensions in Banach algebra are also obtained.
In this paper we present expressions for the Drazin inverse of the generalized Schur complement $A-CD^{d}B$ in terms of the Drazin inverses of $A$ and the generalized Schur complement $D-BA^{d}C$ under less and weaker restrictions, which generalize several results in the literature and the formula of Sherman-Morrison-Woodbury type.
We study the Drazin inverses of the sum and product of two elements in a ring. For Drazin invertible elements $a$ and $b$ such that $a^2b=aba$ and $b^2a=bab$, it is shown that $ab$ is Drazin invertible and that $a+b$ is Drazin invertible if and only if $1+a^Db$ is Drazin invertible. Moreover, the formulae of $(ab)^D$ and $(a+b)^D$ are presented. Thus, a generalization of the main result of Zhuang, Chen et al. (Linear Multilinear Algebra 60 (2012) 903-910) is given.
We present some formulae for the Drazin inverse of difference and product of idempotents in a ring. A number of results of bounded linear operators in Banach spaces are extended to the ring case.
Our aim is to establish relations between Drazin inverses of the pesudo-block matrix $(P,Q,R,S)$ and the block matrix composed of $P,R,S,Q$, where $R^2=S^2=0$. Based on the relations, we give representations for Drazin inverses of the sum $P+Q+R+S$ under weaker restrictions. As its applications, several expressions for Drazin inverses of a $2\times 2$ block matrix are presented under some assumptions. Our results generalize several results in the literature.
An element $a$ in a Banach algebra $\mathcal{A}$ has g-Drazin inverse if there exists $b\in \mathcal{A}$ such that $ab=ba, b=bab$ and $a-a^2b \in \mathcal{A}^{qnil}$. In this paper we find new explicit representations of the g-Drazin inverse of the block operator matrix $\left( \begin{array}{cc} E&I F&0 \end{array} \right)$. We thereby solve a wider kind of singular differential equations posed by Campbell [S.L. Campbell, The Drazin inverse and systems of second order linear differential equations, Linear $\&$ Multilinear Algebra, 14(1983), 195--198].
Within the framework of the theory of the column and row determinants, we obtain determinantal representations of the Drazin inverse for Hermitian matrix over the quaternion skew field. Using the obtained determinantal representations of the Drazin inverse we get explicit representation formulas (analogs of Cramer's rule) for the Drazin inverse solutions of quaternion matrix equations $ {\bf A}{\bf X} = {\bf D}$, $ {\bf X}{\bf B} = {\bf D} $ and ${\bf A} {\bf X} {\bf B} = {\bf D} $, where $ {\bf A}$, ${\bf B}$ are Hermitian.
Let $R$ be an associative ring with unit $1$, and $a, b, c\in R$ satisfy $a(ba)^{2}=abaca=acaba=(ac)^{2}a$, this paper proves that $1-ac$ has generalized Drazin inverse (Drazin inverse, pseudo Drazin inverse, respectively) if and only if $1-ba$ has generalized Drazin inverse (Drazin inverse, pseudo Drazin inverse, respectively). In particular, we obtain new common spectral properties for $ac$ and $ba$ in Banach algebras. As applications, new extension of Jacobson's lemma for B-Fredholm elements and generalized Fredholm elements in rings is established.
We explore the generalized Drazin inverse in a Banach algebra. Let $\mathcal{A}$ be a Banach algebra, and let $a,b\in \mathcal{A}^{d}$. If $ab=λa^πbab^π$ then $a+b\in \mathcal{A}^{d}$. The explicit representation of $(a+b)^d$ is also presented. As applications of our results, we present new representations for the generalized Drazin inverse of a block matrix in a Banach algebra. The main results of Liu and Qin [Representations for the generalized Drazin inverse of the sum in a Banach algebra and its application for some operator matrices, Sci. World J., {\bf 2015}, 156934.8] are extended.
The Drazin inverse solutions of the matrix equations ${\rm {\bf A}}{\rm {\bf X}} = {\rm {\bf B}}$, ${\rm {\bf X}}{\rm {\bf A}} = {\rm {\bf B}}$ and ${\rm {\bf A}}{\rm {\bf X}}{\rm {\bf B}} ={\rm {\bf D}} $ are considered in this paper. We use both the determinantal representations of the Drazin inverse obtained earlier by the author and in the paper. We get analogs of the Cramer rule for the Drazin inverse solutions of these matrix equations and using their for determinantal representations of solutions of some differential matrix equations, ${\bf X}'+ {\bf A}{\bf X}={\bf B}$ and ${\bf X}'+{\b…
Let $\mathcal{A}$ be a complex Banach algebra. An element $a\in \mathcal{A}$ has g-Drazin inverse if there exists $b\in \mathcal{A}$ such that $$b=bab, ab=ba, a-a^2b\in \mathcal{A}^{qnil}.$$ Let $a,b\in \mathcal{A}$ have g-Drazin inverses. If $$ab = λa^πb^πb a b^π,$$ we prove that $a+b$ has g-Drazin inverse and $$(a+b)^d = b^πa^d + b^da^π+ \sum\limits_{n=0}^\infty (b^d)^{n+1} a^n a^π+ \sum\limits_{n=0}^\infty b^π(a+b)^n b(a^d)^{n+2}.$$ The main results of Mosic (Bull. Malays. Sci. Soc., {\bf 40}(2017), 1465--1478) is thereby extended to the general case. Applications to block operator matrices…
By using determinantal representations of the W-weighted Drazin inverse previously obtained by the author within the framework of the theory of the column-row determinants, we get explicit formulas for determinantal representations of the W-weighted Drazin inverse solutions (analogs of Cramer's rule) of the quaternion matrix equations $ {\bf W}{\bf A}{\bf W}{\bf X}={\bf D}$, $ {\bf X}{\bf W}{\bf A}{\bf W}={\bf D} $, and ${\bf W}_{1}{\bf A}{\bf W}_{1}{\bf X}{\bf W}_{2}{\bf B}{\bf W}_{2}={\bf D} $.
We introduce and study a new class of Drazin inverses. An element $a$ in a ring $R$ has Drazin inverse $b$ if $a^2-ab\in N(R)$, $ab=ba$ and $b=bab$. Every Hirano inverse of an element is its Drazin inverse.We drive several characterization for this generalized inverse.
In this paper, we give a generalized Cline's formula for the generalized Drazin inverse. Let $R$ be a ring, and let $a,b,c,d\in R$ satisfying $$\begin{array}{c} (ac)^2 = (db)(ac), (db)^2 = (ac)(db);\\ b(ac)a = b(db)a, c(ac)d = c(db)d.\end{array}$$ Then $ac\in R^d$ if and only if $bd\in R^d$. In this case, $(bd)^d = b((ac)^d)^2 d$. We also present generalized Cline's formulas for Drazin and group inverses. Some weaker conditions in a Banach algebra are also investigated. These extend the main results of Cline's formula on g-Drazin inverse of Liao, Chen and Cui (Bull. Malays. Math. Soc., 37 (201…
We present necessary and sufficient conditions under which the anti-triangular matrix $\left( \begin{array}{cc} a&b 1&0 \end{array} \right)$ over a Banach algebra has g-Drazin inverse. New additive results for g-Drazin inverse are obtained. Then we apply our results to $2\times 2$ operator matrices and generalize many known results, e.g.,~\cite[Theorem 2.2]{D}, ~\cite[Theorem 2.1]{YL} and \cite[Theorem 4.1]{Y}.
In this work, new closed-form formulas for the matrix exponential are provided. Our method is direct and elementary, it gives tractable and manageable formulas not current in the extensive literature on this essential subject. Moreover, others are recuperated and generalized. As a consequence, we easily obtain the Chevalley{Jordan decomposition and the spectral projections of any matrix. In addition, closed-form expressions for the arbitrary positive powers of matrices and their Drazin inverses are presented. Using these results, an elegant explicit formula for logarithm of matrices is obtaine…
In this paper, $\mathcal{P}$-canonical forms of $(A^{k})_{k}$ (or simply of the matrix $A$) are defined and some of their properties are proved. It is also shown how we can deduce from them many interesting informations about the matrix $A$. In addition, it is proved that the $\mathcal{P}$-canonical forms of $A$ can be written as a sum of two parts, the geometric and the non-geometric parts of $A$, and that the $\mathcal{P}$-canonical form of the Drazin inverse $A_{d}$ of $A$ can be deduced by simply plugging $-k$ for $k$ in the geometric part of $A$. Finally, several examples are provided to …
Let $R$ be an associative ring with an identity and suppose that $a,b,c,d \in R$ satisfy $bdb = bac,dbd = acd$. If $ac$ has generalized Drazin ( respectively, pseudo Drazin, Drazin) inverse, we prove that $bd$ has generalized Drazin (respectively, pseudo Drazin, Drazin) inverse. In particular, as applications, we obtain new common spectral properties of bounded linear operators over Banach spaces.
In this paper, we present a new characterization of g-Drazin inverse in a Banach algebra. We prove that an element a is a Banach algebra has g-Drazin inverse if and only if there exists $x\in A$ such that $ax=xa, a-a^2x\in A^{qnil}$. we obtain the sufficient and necessary conditions for the existence of the g-Drain inverse for certain $2 \times 2$ anti-triangular matrices over a Banach algebra. These extend the results of Koliha (Glasgow Math. J., 38(1996), 367-381), Nicholson (Comm. Algebra,27(1999), 3583-3592 and Zou et al. (Studia Scient. Math. Hungar., 54(2017,489-508).
In this article, specific definitions of the Moore-Penrose inverse, Drazin inverse of the quaternion tensor and the inverse along two quaternion tensors are introduced under the T-product. Some characterizations, representations and properties of the defined inverses are investigated. Moreover, algorithms are established for computing the Moore-Penrose inverse, Drazin inverse of the quaternion tensor and the inverse along two quaternion tensors, respectively.
By a generalized inverse of a given matrix, we mean a matrix that exists for a larger class of matrices than the nonsingular matrices, that has some of the properties of the usual inverse, and that agrees with inverse when given matrix happens to be nonsingular. In theory, there are many different generalized inverses that exist. We shall consider the Moore Penrose, weighted Moore-Penrose, Drazin and weighted Drazin inverses. New determinantal representations of these generalized inverse based on their limit representations are introduced in this paper. Application of this new method allows us…
Let $R$ be a ring with identity $1$. Jacobson's lemma states that for any $a,b\in R$, if $1-ab$ is invertible then so is $1-ba$. Jacobson's lemma has suitable analogues for several types of generalized inverses, e.g., Drazin inverse, generalized Drazin inverse, and inner inverse. In this note we give a constructive way via Groebner-Shirshov basis theory to obtain the inverse of $1-ab$ in terms of $(1-ba)^{-1}$, assuming the latter exists.
In this article, we introduce determinantal representations of the Moore - Penrose inverse and the Drazin inverse which are based on analogues of the classical adjoint matrix. Using the obtained analogues of the adjoint matrix, we get Cramer rules for the least squares solution and for the Drazin inverse solution of singular linear systems. Finally, determinantal expressions for ${\rm {\bf A}}^{+} {\rm {\bf A}}$, ${\rm {\bf A}} {\rm {\bf A}}^{+}$, and ${\rm {\bf A}}^{D} {\rm {\bf A}}$ are presented.
We give some statements that are equivalent to the existence of group inverses of Peirce corner matrices of a $2 \times 2$ block matrix and its generalized Schur complements. As applications, several new results for the Drazin inverses of the generalized Schur complements and the $2 \times 2$ block matrix are obtained and some of them generalize several results in the literature.
Using the recent notion of inverse along an element in a semigroup, and the natural partial order on idempotents, we study bicommuting generalized inverses and define a new inverse called natural inverse, that generalizes the Drazin inverse in a semigroup, but also the Koliha-Drazin inverse in a ring. In this setting we get a core decomposition similar to the nilpotent, Kato or Mbekhta decompositions. In Banach and Operator algebras, we show that the study of the spectrum is not sufficient, and use ideas from local spectral theory to study this new inverse.
Let R be a unit-regular ring, and let a,b,c in R satisfy aba=aca. If ac and ba are group invertible, we prove that ac is similar to ba. Furthermore, if ac and ba are Drazin invertible, then their Drazin inverses are similar. For any n\times n complex matrices A,B,C with ABA = ACA ,we prove that AC and BA are similar if and only if their k-powers have the same rank. These generalize the known Flanders' theorem proved by Hartwig.
In a Banach algebra, we introduce a new type of generalized inverse called g$π$-Hirano inverse. Firstly, several existence criteria and the equivalent definition of this inverse are investigated. Then, we discuss the relationship between the g$π$-Hirano invertibility of $a$, $b$ and that of the sum $a+b$ under some weaker conditions. Finally, as applications to the previous additive results, some equivalent characterizations for the g$π$-Hirano invertibility of the anti-triangular matrix over Banach algebras are obtained.In particular, some results in this paper are different from the correspo…
We present new generalized Cline's formula and Jacobson's lemma for the g-Drazin inverse in a ring. These extend many known results, e.g., Chen and Abdolyousefi (Generalized Jacobson's Lemma in a Banach algebra, Comm. Algebra, {\bf 49}(2021), 3263--3272), Yan and Zeng (The generalized inverses of the products of two elements in a ring, Turk. J. Math., {\bf 44}(2020), 1744--1756).
This paper is divided into two parts. In the first part, we develop a general method for expressing ranks of matrix expressions that involve Moore-Penrose inverses, group inverses, Drazin inverses, as well as weighted Moore-Penrose inverses of matrices. Through this method we establish a variety of valuable rank equalities related to generalized inverses of matrices mentioned above. Using them, we characterize many matrix equalities in the theory of generalized inverses of matrices and their applications. In the second part, we consider maximal and minimal possible ranks of matrix expressions …
Let $R$ be a ring with involution. In this paper, we introduce a new type of generalized inverse called pseudo core inverse in $R$. The notion of core inverse was introduced by Baksalary and Trenkler for matrices of index 1 in 2010 and then it was generalized to an arbitrary $*$-ring case by Rakić, Dinčić and Djordjević in 2014. Our definition of pesudo core inverse extends the notion of core inverse to elements of an arbitrary index in $R$. Meanwhile, it generalizes the notion of core-EP inverse, introduced by Manjunatha Prasad and Mohana for matrices in 2014, to the case of $*$-ring. Some eq…
We use elementary triangular matrices to obtain some factorization, multiplication, and inversion properties of triangular matrices. We also obtain explicit expressions for the inverses of strict $k$-Hessenberg matrices and banded matrices. Our results can be extended to the cases of block triangular and block Hessenberg matrices.
In this article one-sided (b, c)-inverses of arbitrary matrices as well as one-sided inverses along a (not necessarily square) matrix, will be studied. In adddition, the (b, c)-inverse and the inverse along an element will be also researched in the context of rectangular matrices.
A new generalized inverse for a square matrix $H\in\mathbb{C}^{n\times n}$, called CCE-inverse, is established by the core-EP decomposition and Moore-Penrose inverse $H^†$. We propose some characterizations of the CCE-inverse. Furthermore, two canonical forms of the CCE-inverse are presented. At last, we introduce the definitions of CCE-matrices and $k$-CCE matrices, and prove that CCE-matrices are the same as $i$-EP matrices studied by Wang and Liu in [The weak group matrix, Aequationes Mathematicae, 93(6): 1261-1273, 2019].
In this paper, new block representations of Moore-Penrose inverses for arbitrary complex $2\times2$ block matrices are given. The approach is based on block representations of orthogonal projection matrices.
