The requirements for fault-tolerant quantum error correction can be simplified by leveraging structure in the noise of the underlying hardware. In this work, we identify a new type of structured noise motivated by neutral atom qubits, biased erasure errors, which arises when qubit errors are dominated by detectable leakage from only one of the computational states of the qubit. We study the performance of this model using gate-level simulations of the XZZX surface code. Using the predicted erasure fraction and bias of metastable $^{171}$Yb qubits, we find a threshold of 8.2% for two-qubit gate errors, which is 1.9 times higher than the threshold for unbiased erasures, and 7.5 times higher than the threshold for depolarizing errors. Surprisingly, the improved threshold is achieved without bias-preserving controlled-not gates, and instead results from the lower noise entropy in this model. We also introduce an XZZX cluster state construction for measurement-based error correction, hybrid-fusion, that is optimized for this noise model. By combining fusion operations and deterministic entangling gates, this construction preserves the intrinsic symmetry of the XZZX code, leading to a higher threshold of 10.3% and enabling the use of rectangular codes with fewer qubits. We discuss a potential physical implementation using a single plane of atoms and moveable tweezers.
Logical qubits with erasure conversion using metastable neutral atoms
Princeton University（普林斯顿大学）；Peking University（北京大学）；University of California, Berkeley（加州大学伯克利分校）；The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology（香港科技大学）；Yale University（耶鲁大学）
Correlated Atom Loss as a Resource for Quantum Error Correction
University of Strasbourg（斯特拉斯堡大学）；CNRS（法国国家科学研究中心）；CESQ and ISIS (UMR 7006)（CESQ与ISIS联合研究实验室（UMR 7006））；aQCess；QPERFECT SAS（QPERFECT公司）；University of Luxembourg（卢森堡大学）；Institut Universitaire de France (IUF)（法国高等研究院）
Logical multi-qubit entanglement with dual-rail superconducting qubits
International Quantum Academy, Shenzhen（国际量子研究院）；Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology（南方科技大学深圳量子科学与工程研究所）；Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology（南方科技大学广东省量子科学与工程重点实验室）
Sustaining high-fidelity quantum logic in neutral-atom circuits via mid-circuit operations
Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China（中国科学技术大学现代物理系及微观尺度物质科学国家实验室）；Shanghai Branch, CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China（中国科学技术大学中科院量子信息与量子物理学前沿卓越中心上海分部）；Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences（上海量子科学研究与创新中心）
The Magic Scroll: Leveraging biased noise to improve magic state cultivation in register-based architectures
Silicon Quantum Computing Pty. Ltd.（硅量子计算有限公司）；UNSW Sydney（新南威尔士大学）；Centre of Excellence for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology, School of Physics, UNSW Sydney（新南威尔士大学物理学院量子计算与通信技术卓越中心）
Entropy threshold: A simple proxy for performance of quantum error correction
AWS Center for Quantum Computing（亚马逊量子计算中心）；Yale Quantum Institute & Department of Applied Physics, Yale University（耶鲁大学量子研究所与应用物理系）；Alice & Bob；Laboratoire de Physique de l’École Normale Supérieure, École Normale Supérieure, Centre Automatique et Systèmes, Mines Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Inria（巴黎高等师范学院物理实验室、巴黎高等师范学院、自动与系统中心、巴黎矿业学院、巴黎文理研究大学、法国国家科学研究中心、Inria）
Taming Rydberg Decay with Measurement-based Quantum Computation
Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China（中国科学技术大学物理科学学院和微观尺度物理国家研究中心）；Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Science and CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China（中国科学技术大学上海量子科学研究中心和中科院量子信息重点实验室）；Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China（中国科学技术大学合肥国家实验室）
