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arXiv 2302.01181quant-ph
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$\mathcal{PT}$-对称效应在基于测量的量子热机中的应用

$\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric effects in measurement-based quantum thermal machines

Jonas F. G. Santos, Pritam Chattopadhyay

AI总结:

本文研究基于测量的量子热机中$\mathcal{PT}$-对称非厄米哈密顿量的影响,发现其与测量协议相关,并可通过调节参数在奥托极限下提升功率或冷却速率,且能根据测量强度切换发动机与制冷机配置。

摘要:

基于测量的量子热机是热力学循环的迷人模型,其中测量协议在循环的性能和功能中扮演重要角色。尽管已有理论进展,也报道了有趣的实验实现。在此,我们更进一步,在这类循环中考虑$\mathcal{PT}$-对称的非厄米哈密顿量及其对由广义测量驱动的量子热机的影响。我们提出的理论结果表明,$\mathcal{PT}$-对称效应和测量协议在循环过程中是相关的。此外,适当调节参数,可以在满足量子绝热定理的有限时间循环中,在奥托极限下提高功率输出(发动机配置)和冷却速率(制冷机配置)。我们的模型还允许根据测量协议的强度切换循环的配置,即发动机或制冷机。

英文摘要:

Measurement-based quantum thermal machines are fascinating models of thermodynamic cycles where measurement protocols play an important role in the performance and functioning of the cycle. Despite theoretical advances, interesting experimental implementations have been reported. Here we move a step further by considering in this class of cycle $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric non-Hermitian Hamiltonians and their implications in quantum thermal machines fueled by generalized measurements. We present theoretical results indicating that $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric effects and measurement protocols are related along the cycle. Furthermore, tuning the parameters suitably it is possible to improve the power output (engine configuration) and the cooling rate (refrigerator configuration), operating in the Otto limit, in a finite-time cycle that satisfies the quantum adiabatic theorem. Our model also allows switching the configuration of the cycle, engine, or refrigerator, depending on the strength of the measurement protocol.

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