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arXiv 2301.09549astro-ph.HE
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探测银河系中心的时空和吸积模型:Kerr和Kerryson关于黑洞阴影的比较

Probing spacetime and accretion model for the Galactic Center: Comparison of Kerr and dilaton black hole shadows

Jan Röder, Alejandro Cruz-Osorio, Christian M. Fromm, Yosuke Mizuno, Ziri Younsi, Luciano Rezzolla

摘要:

在黑洞附近,强引力、等离子体物理和发射过程的影响支配着系统的行为。由于像EHT这样的观测还不能明确地约束天体物理和引力性质的模型,因此必须探索吸积模型、粒子分布函数和时空几何的描述。我们目前对这些性质的理解通常是基于这样的假设,即时空是由广义相对论的克尔解很好地描述的,结合基本的发射和吸积模型。我们探索每个属性执行广义相对论磁流体力学和辐射转移模拟的替代模型。通过选择广义相对论的Kerr解和Einstein-Maxwell-Maxwell-Axion-Axion引力的Kerr子解作为典型的黑洞背景时空,我们的目标是研究吸积和发射模型对区分两种引力理论中黑洞能力的影响.我们进行三维广义相对论磁流体力学模拟的两个黑洞,在其最内层的稳定的圆形轨道相匹配,在两个不同的吸积方案。使用广义相对论辐射转移计算,我们模拟的热同步辐射,并在下一步中应用非热电子分布函数,探索代表性的参数与多波长观测比较。我们进一步考虑Kerr黑洞和Kerson黑洞在它们不稳定的圆形光子轨道上的匹配,以及它们的事件视界。从多波长发射和光谱指数分析中,我们发现吸积模型和时空对光谱的影响相对于发射模型的选择来说很小。

英文摘要:

In the vicinity of black holes, the influence of strong gravity, plasma physics, and emission processes govern the behavior of the system. Since observations such as those carried out by the EHT are not yet able to unambiguously constrain models for astrophysical and gravitational properties, it is imperative to explore the accretion models, particle distribution function, and description of the spacetime geometry. Our current understanding of these properties is often based on the assumption that the spacetime is well-described by by the Kerr solution to general relativity, combined with basic emission and accretion models. We explore alternative models for each property performing general relativistic magnetohydrodynamic and radiative transfer simulations. By choosing a Kerr solution to general relativity and a dilaton solution to Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton-axion gravity as exemplary black hole background spacetimes, we aim to investigate the influence of accretion and emission models on the ability to distinguish black holes in two theories of gravity. We carry out three-dimensional general relativistic magnetohydrodynamics simulations of both black holes, matched at their innermost stable circular orbit, in two distinct accretion scenarios. Using general-relativistic radiative transfer calculations, we model the thermal synchrotron emission and in the next step apply a non-thermal electron distribution function, exploring representative parameters to compare with multiwavelength observations. We further consider Kerr and dilaton black holes matched at their unstable circular photon orbits, as well as their event horizons. From multiwavelength emission and spectral index analysis, we find that accretion model and spacetime have only a small impact on the spectra compared to the choice of emission model.

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