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arXiv 2301.05705astro-ph.GAastro-ph.CO
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哈勃深场北的NOEMA分子线扫描:对分子气体的CO光度函数和宇宙密度的改进约束

A NOEMA molecular line scan of the Hubble Deep Field North: Improved constraints on the CO luminosity functions and cosmic density of molecular gas

Leindert A. Boogaard, Roberto Decarli, Fabian Walter, Axel Weiss, Gergö Popping, Roberto Neri, Manuel Aravena, Dominik Riechers, Richard S. Ellis, Chris Carilli… 展开作者

Leindert A. Boogaard, Roberto Decarli, Fabian Walter, Axel Weiss, Gergö Popping, Roberto Neri, Manuel Aravena, Dominik Riechers, Richard S. Ellis, Chris Carilli, Pierre Cox, Jérôme Pety

摘要:

我们利用NOEMA对标志性的哈勃深场北(HDF-N)进行了3 mm处的8.5弧分^2光谱扫描测量,测量了CO的光度函数(LF)和z~6范围内宇宙分子气体密度的演化。我们使用匹配滤波搜索线发射星系,并确定其红移概率分布利用广泛的多波长数据的HDF-N。我们确定了7个保真度最高的源为1<z<6的CO发射源,包括z=5.18的著名亚毫米星系HDF850.1。四个高保真3 mm连续谱源都是z<=1的射电星系,加上HDF850.1。我们将HDF-N中的CO LF限制到z~6,包括在z =5.0处的CO(5-4)LF的第一测量<z>。NOEMA HDF-N巡天相对较大的面积和深度扩展了现有的膝上1&lt;z&lt;4的光度函数,在CO(2-1)和CO(3-2)跃迁的重叠区域产生了0.15-0.4 dex的低密度,这归因于宇宙的变化。我们进行了联合分析的HDF-N和哈勃超深场从ASPECS的CO LF,发现它们可以很好地描述了一个单一的Schechter函数。宇宙分子气体密度的演变从联合分析是在很好的协议与早期的决定。这意味着宇宙场与场之间的方差对测量结果的影响与以前的估计是一致的,增加了从第一原理模拟星系的挑战。

英文摘要:

We present measurements of the CO luminosity functions (LFs) and the evolution of the cosmic molecular gas density out to z~6 based on an 8.5 arcmin^2 spectral scan survey at 3mm of the iconic Hubble Deep Field North (HDF-N) observed with the NOrthern Extended Millimeter Array (NOEMA). We use matched filtering to search for line emission from galaxies and determine their redshift probability distributions exploiting the extensive multi-wavelength data for the HDF-N. We identify the 7 highest-fidelity sources as CO emitters at 1<z<6, including the well-known submillimeter galaxy HDF850.1 at z=5.18. Four high-fidelity 3mm continuum sources are all found to be radio galaxies at z<=1, plus HDF850.1. We constrain the CO LFs in the HDF-N out to z~6, including a first measurement of the CO(5-4) LF at <z>=5.0. The relatively large area and depth of the NOEMA HDF-N survey extends the existing luminosity functions at 1<z<4 above the knee, yielding a somewhat lower density by 0.15-0.4 dex at the overlap region for the CO(2-1) and CO(3-2) transitions, attributed to cosmic variance. We perform a joint analysis of the CO LFs in the HDF-N and Hubble Ultra Deep Field from ASPECS, finding that they can be well described by a single Schechter function. The evolution of the cosmic molecular gas density from a joint analysis is in good agreement with earlier determinations. This implies that the impact of cosmic field-to-field variance on the measurements is consistent with previous estimates, adding to the challenges for simulations that model galaxies from first principles.

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