arXiv 2301.044612023-01physics.opticsphysics.app-ph

将光穿过动态复杂介质

Threading light through dynamic complex media

Chaitanya K. Mididoddi, Christina Sharp, Philipp del Hougne, Simon A. R. Horsley, David B. Phillips

备注：: 16 pages, 6 figures. This updated version includes supplementary information

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AI总结：

本文提出一种控制光穿过动态复杂介质的新方法，通过优化波前、伴随梯度下降加速及时间平均传输矩阵特征值求解，实现时变介质中的稳定光束整形，仅需外部测量且无需介质先验知识。

摘要：

光的散射影响了整个电磁波谱的传感与通信技术。克服时变散射介质的影响尤为困难。本文提出了一种控制光在动态复杂介质中传播的新方法。该策略基于以下观察：许多动态散射系统表现出一系列去相关时间——即在给定时间尺度上，介质的某些部分可能基本保持静态。我们实验演示了一套新技术，能够识别并引导光穿过这些静态信道网络——使光场绕过隐藏在不透明介质内部未知位置的多个动态区域。我们首先展示了如何通过优化入射场的波前，找到在部分动态介质中传播的单一稳定光场。接着，我们演示了如何利用物理实现的伴随梯度下降优化形式，将该过程加速2个数量级。最后，我们描述了如何将稳定光模式的搜索转化为特征值问题：我们引入了一个新的光学矩阵算子——时间平均传输矩阵，并展示了它如何揭示一组涨落特征信道，该特征信道可用于时变介质中的稳定光束整形。这些方法仅依赖记录散射光的外部相机测量，不需要关于介质的先验知识，且与动态区域的移动速率无关。本工作未来有望应用于依赖动态条件下一般波现象的广泛技术，从光学到声学。

英文摘要：

The scattering of light impacts sensing and communication technologies throughout the electromagnetic spectrum. Overcoming the effects of time-varying scattering media is particularly challenging. In this article we introduce a new way to control the propagation of light through dynamic complex media. Our strategy is based on the observation that many dynamic scattering systems exhibit a range of decorrelation times -- meaning that over a given timescale, some parts of the medium may essentially remain static. We experimentally demonstrate a suite of new techniques to identify and guide light through these networks of static channels -- threading optical fields around multiple dynamic pockets hidden at unknown locations inside opaque media. We first show how a single stable light field propagating through a partially dynamic medium can be found by optimising the wavefront of the incident field. Next, we demonstrate how this procedure can be accelerated by 2 orders of magnitude using a physically realised form of adjoint gradient descent optimisation. Finally, we describe how the search for stable light modes can be posed as an eigenvalue problem: we introduce a new optical matrix operator, the time-averaged transmission matrix, and show how it reveals a basis of fluctuation-eigenchannels that can be used for stable beam shaping through time-varying media. These methods rely only on external camera measurements recording scattered light, require no prior knowledge about the medium, and are independent of the rate at which dynamic regions move. Our work has potential future applications to a wide variety of technologies reliant on general wave phenomena subject to dynamic conditions, from optics to acoustics.

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