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arXiv 2301.01423astro-ph.HE
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吸积X射线脉冲星1A 0535+262的gamma-ray辐射的深搜索

Deep search for gamma-ray emission from the accreting X-ray pulsar 1A 0535+262

X. Hou, W. Zhang, D. F. Torres, L. Ji, J. Li

摘要:

双星系统是伽玛射线源的一个公认的子类。高质量X射线双星脉冲星1A~0535+262一直被认为是一个可能的γ射线辐射源,尽管以前使用\textit{Fermi} -LAT和VERITAS数据进行的γ射线搜索仅得到上限。利用13年多的\textit{Fermi} -LAT数据,对1A~0535+262的γ射线辐射和脉动进行了深入的研究。对整个\textit{Fermi} -LAT数据集以及自\textit{Fermi}发布以来1A~0535+262经历的X射线爆发进行了分析。各种X射线观测已被用于生成脉动搜索的星历表。我们还调查了长期的伽马射线通量变化,并进行轨道相位分辨分析的爆发。在整个\textit{Fermi} -LAT任务期间,我们没有从1A~0535+262探测到任何稳定或脉冲γ射线发射或其X射线爆发。因此,我们根据假设的不同光谱指数,推导出迄今为止在95%置信水平下的最深伽马射线光度上限约为(2.3 $-$ 4.7)$\times 10^{32}\, \rm erg \, s^{-1}$,这导致$L_{\rm γ}$与$L_{\rm X}$的比率(2 $-$ 150 keV)为(1.9 $-$ 3.9)$\times10^{-6}$。

英文摘要:

Binary systems are a well-established subclass of gamma-ray sources. The high mass X-ray binary pulsar 1A~0535+262 has been considered to be a possible gamma-ray emitter for a long time, although former gamma-ray searches using \textit{Fermi}-LAT and VERITAS data resulted in upper limits only. We aim at a deep search for gamma-ray emission and pulsations from 1A~0535+262 using more than 13 years of \textit{Fermi}-LAT data. The analysis was performed for both the whole \textit{Fermi}-LAT data set, as well as for the X-ray outbursts that 1A~0535+262 has experienced since the launch of \textit{Fermi}. Various X-ray observations have been used to generate the ephemeris for the pulsation search. We also investigate the long-term gamma-ray flux variability and perform orbital phase-resolved analysis for the outbursts. We did not detect any steady or pulsed gamma-ray emission from 1A~0535+262 during the whole \textit{Fermi}-LAT mission span or its X-ray outbursts. We thus derived the deepest gamma-ray luminosity upper limits to date at the 95\% confidence level to be around (2.3$-$4.7)$\times 10^{32}\, \rm erg \, s^{-1}$ depending on different spectral indices assumed, which results in a ratio of $L_{\rm γ}$ to $L_{\rm X}$ (2$-$150 keV) being (1.9$-$3.9)$\times10^{-6}$.

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