吸积星中毛刺和反毛刺的性质和可观测性
Properties and observability of glitches and anti-glitches in accreting pulsars
摘要：
在年轻的、孤立的射电望远镜中已经观察到了几个小故障，而在吸积动力的X射线望远镜中仍然缺乏清晰的探测。我们使用Pizzochero snowplow模型脉冲星故障以及starquake模型，以确定第一次预期的性能的故障吸积恒星和它们的可观测性。由于一些吸积脉冲星表现出吸积诱导的长期自旋，我们还研究了这些恒星中发生反故障的可能性。我们发现，在缓慢吸积的中子星中，由地震引起的故障非常罕见，而且它们的检测也极不可能。相反，由超流中子涡旋和非超流组分之间的角动量转移引起的毛刺和反毛刺可能更经常地发生在吸积中子星中。我们计算了抗毛刺的角速度的最大跳跃，并且我们发现它预计为约1 E-5 - 1 E-4 rad/s。我们还注意到，由于吸积双星的旋转角速度通常低于孤立的毛刺双星的旋转速度，与孤立的毛刺双星相比，毛刺和反毛刺都预计具有较长的上升和恢复时间尺度，毛刺和反毛刺表现为角速度的简单步骤。在吸积星系中，我们发现GX 1+4是目前运行的X射线仪器和未来任务（如拟议的X射线定时大型天文台（LOFT））检测故障的最佳候选者。
英文摘要：
Several glitches have been observed in young, isolated radio pulsars, while a clear detection in accretion-powered X-ray pulsars is still lacking. We use the Pizzochero snowplow model for pulsar glitches as well as starquake models to determine for the first time the expected properties of glitches in accreting pulsars and their observability. Since some accreting pulsars show accretion-induced long-term spin-up, we also investigate the possibility that anti-glitches occur in these stars. We find that glitches caused by quakes in a slow accreting neutron star are very rare and their detection extremely unlikely. On the contrary, glitches and anti-glitches caused by a transfer of angular momentum between the superfluid neutron vortices and the non-superfluid component may take place in accreting pulsars more often. We calculate the maximum jump in angular velocity of an anti-glitch and we find that it is expected to be about 1E-5 - 1E-4 rad/s. We also note that since accreting pulsars usually have rotational angular velocities lower than those of isolated glitching pulsars, both glitches and anti-glitches are expected to have long rise and recovery timescales compared to isolated glitching pulsars, with glitches and anti-glitches appearing as a simple step in angular velocity. Among accreting pulsars, we find that GX 1+4 is the best candidate for the detection of glitches with currently operating X-ray instruments and future missions such as the proposed Large Observatory for X-ray Timing (LOFT).
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