arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2212.05080astro-ph.CO
收藏

Abell 2244星系团外围的平坦熵分布

The flat entropy profile at the outskirts of the Abell 2244 galaxy cluster

S. Andreon, A. Moretti, H. Bohringer, F. Castagna

摘要:

熵是研究星系团团内等离子体热力学历史的有利诊断方法。我们提出的Abell 2244星系团的熵配置文件派生都完全使用X射线数据从低背景的斯威夫特XRT望远镜,也使用普朗克y数据。仅使用X射线的熵分布推导至少对于维里半径是鲁棒的,因为与低能量下的X射线背景相比,簇亮度大,温度被能量kT>3 keV的簇X射线光子的缺乏强烈限制,并且XRT背景低、稳定且可理解。在观察到的立体角,约一个象限,熵径向分布偏离幂律的维里半径,主要是因为集群温度的急剧下降。当X射线光谱信息被康普顿图取代时,熵分布的这种弯曲得到了证实。聚束和非热压力支持不足以恢复幂律熵分布,因为它们通过以下方式被限制为小:a)不同示踪剂的质量估计值之间的一致性(气体和星系),b)基于具有不同灵敏度和系统学的可观测量的组合的熵轮廓确定之间的一致性,和c)使用方位角散射和气体分数估计的低的聚集值。基于数值模拟,离子-电子平衡也不足以恢复线性熵分布。因此,熵曲线的弯曲似乎是稳健地导出的,并且见证了理论上预测的通过维里边界的流入减少。

英文摘要:

Entropy is an advantageous diagnostics to study the thermodynamic history of the intracluster plasma of galaxy clusters. We present the entropy profile of the Abell 2244 galaxy cluster derived both exclusively using X-ray data from the low-background Swift XRT telescope and also using Planck y data. The entropy profile derivation using X-rays only is robust at least to the virial radius because the cluster brightness is large compared to the X-ray background at low energies, temperature is strongly bounded by the lack of cluster X-ray photons at energies kT>3 keV, and the XRT background is low, stable and understood. In the observed solid angle, about one quadrant, the entropy radial profile deviates from a power-law at the virial radius, mainly because of a sharp drop of the cluster temperature. This bending of the entropy profile is confirmed when X-ray spectral information is replaced by the Compton map. Clumping and non-thermal pressure support are insufficient to restore a power law entropy profile because they are bound to be small by: a) the agreement between mass estimates from different tracers (gas and galaxies), b) the agreement between entropy profile determinations based on combinations of observables with different sensitivities and systematics, and c) the low value of clumping as estimated using the azimuthal scatter and the gas fraction. Based on numerical simulations, ion-electron equilibration is also insufficient to restore a linear entropy profile. Therefore, the bending of the entropy profiles seems to be robustly derived and witnesses the teoretically-predicted decrease in the inflow through the virial boundary.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑