The Degasperis-Procesi (DP) equation
\begin{align}
&u_t-u_{txx}+3κu_x+4uu_x=3u_x u_{xx}+uu_{xxx}, \nonumber
\end{align}
serving as a model delineating the propagation of shallow water waves, stands as a completely integrable system and admits a $3\times3$ matrix Lax pair. In this manuscript, we study the soliton resolution and large time behavior of solutions to the Cauchy problem of the DP equation with generic initial data in Schwarz space. Employing the $\bar \partial$-generalization of the Deift-Zhou nonlinear steepest descent method, we deduce different long time asymptotic expansions of the solution $u(x,t)$ in two distinct types of space-time regions. This result verifies the soliton resolution conjecture and asymptotic stability of $N$-soliton solutions for the DP equation.
On the dynamics of zero-speed solutions for Camassa-Holm type equations
本文考虑Camassa-Holm(CH)型方程在非零速度峰态区域外的整体解。这些方程包括标准的CH和Degasperis-Procesi(DP)方程,以及不可积的推广,如$b$族、弹性杆和BBM方程。有了这些模型的全局定义的解决方案,我们引入了\emph{zero-speed and breather solutions}的概念,即,在空间的紧致区间上不衰减为零的解,如$t\to +\infty$。我们证明,在适当的衰减假设,这样的解决方案不存在,因为相同的零解决方案是全球吸引的动态,至少在空间间隔的大小$|x|\lesssim t^{1/2-}$为$t\to+\infty$。因此,我们还显示了散射和衰减的CH型方程的长程非线性。我们的证明依赖于引入合适的维里泛函à la Martel-Merle在我们和Ponce之一的作品的精神,和Kowalczyk-Martel适应CH,DP和BBM型动力学,其中一个放置在$L^1_x$,第二个在能量空间$H^1_x$。这两个泛函的结合导致局部空间衰减为零的$|x|\lesssim t^{1/2-}$作为$t\to+\infty$。我们的方法不依赖于方程的可积性,适用于其他不可积的CH型方程。