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arXiv 2212.01577eess.IVcs.CVcs.MM
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基于对比自监督表示的领域感知度量:在自然和医学图像上的应用

A Domain-specific Perceptual Metric via Contrastive Self-supervised Representation: Applications on Natural and Medical Images

Technical University of Munich(慕尼黑工业大学);University of Zurich(苏黎世大学);Southern University of Science and Technology(南方科技大学);Massachusetts General Hospital(麻省总医院);Harvard Medical School(哈佛医学院)

Hongwei Bran Li, Chinmay Prabhakar, Suprosanna Shit, Johannes Paetzold, Tamaz Amiranashvili, Jianguo Zhang, Daniel Rueckert, Juan Eugenio Iglesias, Benedikt Wiestler, Bjoern Menze

摘要:

量化两幅图像的感知相似性是低级计算机视觉中的一个长期问题。自然图像领域通常依赖于监督学习,例如,预训练的VGG,以获得潜在表示。然而,由于域偏移,来自自然图像域的预训练模型可能不适用于其他图像域,例如医学成像。值得注意的是,在医学成像中,评估感知相似性仅由在不同医学领域接受过广泛培训的专家执行。因此,医学成像仍然缺乏任务特定的,客观的感知措施。这项工作回答了这样一个问题:是否有必要依靠监督学习来获得一个有效的表示,可以衡量感知相似性,或者自我监督就足够了?为了了解最近的对比自监督表示(CSR)是否可以拯救,我们从自然图像开始,系统地评估CSR作为众多当代架构和任务的度量,并将其与现有方法进行比较。我们发现,在自然图像域中,CSR的行为与监督的一个在几个感知测试作为一个度量,在医疗领域,CSR更好地量化感知相似性有关的专家的评级。我们还证明了CSR可以显着提高图像质量在两个图像合成任务。最后,我们广泛的研究结果表明,感知是一个新兴的CSR属性,它可以适应许多图像域,而不需要注释。

英文摘要:

Quantifying the perceptual similarity of two images is a long-standing problem in low-level computer vision. The natural image domain commonly relies on supervised learning, e.g., a pre-trained VGG, to obtain a latent representation. However, due to domain shift, pre-trained models from the natural image domain might not apply to other image domains, such as medical imaging. Notably, in medical imaging, evaluating the perceptual similarity is exclusively performed by specialists trained extensively in diverse medical fields. Thus, medical imaging remains devoid of task-specific, objective perceptual measures. This work answers the question: Is it necessary to rely on supervised learning to obtain an effective representation that could measure perceptual similarity, or is self-supervision sufficient? To understand whether recent contrastive self-supervised representation (CSR) may come to the rescue, we start with natural images and systematically evaluate CSR as a metric across numerous contemporary architectures and tasks and compare them with existing methods. We find that in the natural image domain, CSR behaves on par with the supervised one on several perceptual tests as a metric, and in the medical domain, CSR better quantifies perceptual similarity concerning the experts' ratings. We also demonstrate that CSR can significantly improve image quality in two image synthesis tasks. Finally, our extensive results suggest that perceptuality is an emergent property of CSR, which can be adapted to many image domains without requiring annotations.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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