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arXiv 2210.07765cs.LG
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基于层次图注意力循环网络的活动感知人类移动性预测

Activity-aware Human Mobility Prediction with Hierarchical Graph Attention Recurrent Network

The University of Hong Kong(香港大学);The Hong Kong Polytechnic University(香港理工大学)

Yihong Tang, Junlin He, Zhan Zhao

AI总结:

本文提出层次图注意力循环网络HGARN,通过层次图注意力模块、历史增强置信度标签和时间模块联合建模时间-活动-位置依赖,在回访与探索场景下显著提升人类移动性预测性能。

摘要:

人类移动性预测是一项基础任务,对城市规划、基于位置的服务和智能交通系统等多种应用至关重要。现有方法往往忽略了对推理人类偏好和日常行为至关重要的活动信息,或者采用了对时间、活动和位置之间依赖关系的简化表示。为解决这些问题,我们提出了用于人类移动性预测的层次图注意力循环网络(HGARN)。具体而言,我们基于历史移动记录构建层次图,并采用层次图注意力模块来捕获复杂的时间-活动-位置依赖关系。通过这种方式,HGARN 能够学习具有丰富人类出行语义的表示,从而在全局层面建模用户偏好。我们还提出了一种模型无关的历史增强置信度(MAHEC)标签,以纳入每个用户的个体层面偏好。最后,我们引入了一个时间模块,该模块采用循环结构联合预测用户的下一个活动及其关联位置,其中前者作为辅助任务以增强后者的预测。在模型评估方面,我们在回访(即返回先前访问过的位置)和探索(即访问新位置)两种设置下,将 HGARN 与现有最先进方法进行了性能对比。总体而言,基于两个真实世界人类移动性数据基准,HGARN 在所有设置下均显著优于其他基线方法。这些发现证实了人类活动在决定移动决策中所起的重要作用,说明了开发活动感知智能交通系统的必要性。本研究的源代码可在 https://github.com/YihongT/HGARN 获取。

英文摘要:

Human mobility prediction is a fundamental task essential for various applications in urban planning, location-based services and intelligent transportation systems. Existing methods often ignore activity information crucial for reasoning human preferences and routines, or adopt a simplified representation of the dependencies between time, activities and locations. To address these issues, we present Hierarchical Graph Attention Recurrent Network (HGARN) for human mobility prediction. Specifically, we construct a hierarchical graph based on past mobility records and employ a Hierarchical Graph Attention Module to capture complex time-activity-location dependencies. This way, HGARN can learn representations with rich human travel semantics to model user preferences at the global level. We also propose a model-agnostic history-enhanced confidence (MAHEC) label to incorporate each user's individual-level preferences. Finally, we introduce a Temporal Module, which employs recurrent structures to jointly predict users' next activities and their associated locations, with the former used as an auxiliary task to enhance the latter prediction. For model evaluation, we test the performance of HGARN against existing state-of-the-art methods in both the recurring (i.e., returning to a previously visited location) and explorative (i.e., visiting a new location) settings. Overall, HGARN outperforms other baselines significantly in all settings based on two real-world human mobility data benchmarks. These findings confirm the important role that human activities play in determining mobility decisions, illustrating the need to develop activity-aware intelligent transportation systems. Source codes of this study are available at https://github.com/YihongT/HGARN.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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