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arXiv 2210.04089quant-ph
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[学位论文]单光子探测的基本极限

[Dissertation] Fundamental Limits to Single-Photon Detection

Tzula B. Propp

摘要:

量子力学巩固了光的性质与光的探测之间的密切关系。从历史上看,光电探测的量子理论一般分为两类:第一类试图确定当检测到光电子时测量的是什么量子场,为光电探测奠定了理论基础。第二类是唯象理论,它们非常小心地对特定光电探测器的细节进行建模。在这篇论文中,我们填补了这两个模型之间的差距,在现代文献中的光电探测,通过构建一个完全量子力学和足够现实的模型,包括所有阶段的光电探测过程:传输,放大,和最后的经典测量。我们在量子信息理论的框架内使用正算子值测度(POVM)的语言来实现这一点。本论文包含以前发表在三篇论文的材料:Propp,Tz。B & van Enk,S. J.(2019年)。非线性放大:光子计数的量子极限改进。Optics Express 27,16,23454-23463。Propp,Tz. B & van Enk,S. J.(2019年)。单光子探测的量子网络。物理评论A,100,033836。Propp,Tz. B & van Enk,S. J.(2020)。如何投射到任意的单光子波包上。物理评论A,102,053707。

英文摘要:

Quantum mechanics cements the intimate relationship between the nature of light and its detection. Historically, quantum theories of photodetection have generally fallen into two categories: the first tries to determine what quantum field observable is measured when photoelectrons are detected, laying the theoretical groundwork for photodetection being possible. The second type are phenomenological theories, which take great care to model the details of specific photodetectors. In this dissertation, we fill in the gap between these two models in the modern literature on photodetection by constructing a fully quantum mechanical and sufficiently realistic model that includes all stages of the photodetection process: transmission, amplification, and a final classical measurement. We accomplish this within the framework of quantum information theory using the language of positive operator valued measures (POVMs). This dissertation contains material previously published in three papers: Propp, Tz. B & van Enk, S. J. (2019). On nonlinear amplification: improved quantum limits for photon counting. Optics Express 27, 16, 23454-23463. Propp, Tz. B & van Enk, S. J. (2019). Quantum networks for single photon detection. Physical Review A, 100, 033836. Propp, Tz. B & van Enk, S. J. (2020). How to project onto an arbitrary single-photon wavepacket. Physical Review A, 102, 053707.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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