arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 1408.4447quant-ph
收藏

量子场的开放系统动力学

Open Systems Dynamics for Propagating Quantum Fields

Ben Q. Baragiola

摘要:

在这篇论文中,我探讨了物质和传播光之间的相互作用。电磁场被建模为一个水库的量子谐振子连续流过量子系统。每一次微弱而短暂的相互作用都会纠缠着光和系统,而光继续它的旅程。在开放量子系统的框架内,光最终被追踪出去,留下系统的约化量子态作为主要的数学对象。两个主要结果。第一种方法是主方程方法,研究了量子系统与含有一定数量光子的行波包的相互作用。与准经典态(如相干场或热场)相比,这些N光子态具有时间模式纠缠,并且时间上的局域相互作用具有非局域后果。第二个是原子系综与傍轴激光束相互作用的三维光-物质界面模型及其在产生QND自旋压缩中的应用。由于空间不均匀的原子-光耦合在整个系综的相干和非相干动力学占。傍轴散射光的测量可以产生原子自旋波的压缩,而漫散射光子导致空间局域退相干。

英文摘要:

In this dissertation, I explore interactions between matter and propagating light. The electromagnetic field is modeled as a reservoir of quantum harmonic oscillators successively streaming past a quantum system. Each weak and fleeting interaction entangles the light and the system, and the light continues its course. Within the framework of open quantum systems, the light is eventually traced out, leaving the reduced quantum state of the system as the primary mathematical subject. Two major results are presented. The first is a master equation approach for a quantum system interacting with a traveling wave packet prepared with a definite number of photons. In contrast to quasi-classical states, such as coherent or thermal fields, these N-photon states possess temporal mode entanglement, and local interactions in time have nonlocal consequences. The second is a model for a three-dimensional light-matter interface for an atomic ensemble interacting with a paraxial laser beam and its application to the generation of QND spin squeezing. Both coherent and incoherent dynamics due to spatially inhomogeneous atom-light coupling across the ensemble are accounted for. Measurement of paraxially scattered light can generate squeezing of an atomic spin wave, while diffusely scattered photons lead to spatially local decoherence.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑