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arXiv 2210.01045astro-ph.SR
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宁静太阳色球层中shock waves的性质

Properties of shock waves in the quiet Sun chromosphere

Harsh Mathur, Jayant Joshi, K. Nagaraju, Luc Rouppe van der Voort, Souvik Bose

摘要:

在宁静太阳中Ca II H和K线的$\mathrm{H_{2V}}$和$\mathrm{K_{2V}}$位置的窄带图像中,短寿命(100秒或更短)、亚弧秒到几个弧秒大小的增强增亮特征被称为亮颗粒。利用瑞典1米太阳望远镜上的CRisp成像分光偏振仪和色球成像分光仪仪器对Fe I 6173 Xe、Ca II 8542 {AA}和Ca II K线中的安静太阳网络区域进行的同时观测,我们使用STockholm反演代码进行了多线非局部热力学平衡反演,以推断时间-变化的分层大气的物理特性,如温度,视线(LOS)速度,和微湍流。明亮晶粒的Ca II K曲线显示$\mathrm{K_{2V}}$峰强度增强,但没有$\mathrm{K_{2R}}$特征。在$\mathrm{K_{2V}}$峰强度最大增强时,我们发现较低色球层(在$\logτ_{500}$ $\simeq$ $-$ 4.2处)温度的平均增强约为1.1 kK,最大增强约为4.5 kK。这些温度升高与上升气流同处一处,上升气流的强度与LOS方向上的$-$ 6 $\mathrm{km\;s^{-1}}$一样强。在$\logτ_{500}$ < $-$ 4.2的色球上层的LOS速度显示出一致的下行流大于$+$ 8 $\mathrm{km\;s^{-1}}$。亮颗粒大气微湍流的反演值在色球层可以忽略不计。这项研究提供了观测证据,以支持解释,在窄带图像中观察到的明亮的颗粒在$\mathrm{H_{2V}}$和$\mathrm{K_{2V}}$的位置的Ca II H和K线的表现向上传播的声冲击的背景下,向下流动的大气。

英文摘要:

Short-lived (100s or less), sub-arcsec to a couple of arcsec size features of enhanced brightenings in the narrowband images at the $\mathrm{H_{2V}}$ and $\mathrm{K_{2V}}$ positions of the Ca II H and K lines in the quiet Sun are known as bright grains. With simultaneous observations of a quiet Sun internetwork region in the Fe I 6173 Å, Ca II 8542 {AA}, and Ca II K lines acquired by the CRisp Imaging Spectro-Polarimeter and the CHROMospheric Imaging Spectrometer instruments on the Swedish 1-m Solar Telescope, we performed multi-line non-local thermodynamic equilibrium inversions using the STockholm inversion Code to infer the time-varying stratified atmosphere's physical properties such as the temperature, line-of-sight (LOS) velocity, and microturbulence. The Ca II K profiles of bright grains show enhancement in the $\mathrm{K_{2V}}$ peak intensities with absence of the $\mathrm{K_{2R}}$ features. At the time of maximum enhancement in the $\mathrm{K_{2V}}$ peak intensities, we found average enhancements in temperature at lower chromospheric layers (at $\logτ_{500}$ $\simeq$ $-$4.2) of about 1.1 kK with maximum enhancement of about 4.5 kK. These temperature enhancements are colocated with upflows, as strong as $-$6 $\mathrm{km\;s^{-1}}$, in the direction of the LOS. The LOS velocities at upper chromospheric layers at $\logτ_{500}$ < $-$4.2 show consistent downflows greater than $+$8 $\mathrm{km\;s^{-1}}$. The retrieved value of microturbulence in the atmosphere of bright grains is negligible at chromospheric layers. The study provides observational evidence to support the interpretation that the bright grains observed in narrowband images at the $\mathrm{H_{2V}}$ and $\mathrm{K_{2V}}$ positions of the Ca II H and K lines are manifestations of upward propagating acoustic shocks against a background of downflowing atmospheres.

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