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arXiv 2209.07524cs.DS
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有界树编辑距离的$\tilde{O}(n+\mathrm{poly}(k))$时间算法

$\tilde{O}(n+\mathrm{poly}(k))$-time Algorithm for Bounded Tree Edit Distance

Debarati Das, Jacob Gilbert, MohammadTaghi Hajiaghayi, Tomasz Kociumaka, Barna Saha, Hamed Saleh

摘要:

计算两个字符串的编辑距离是计算机科学和组合优化中最基本的问题之一。树编辑距离是编辑距离的自然推广,其中任务是计算两个具有节点标签的(未加权)有根树之间的相异性。也许树编辑距离最近最值得注意的应用是在NoSQL大型数据库中,例如MongoDB,其中数据库的每一行都是表示为带标签的根树的JSON文档,并且查找两行之间的不相似性是一个基本操作。直到最近,树编辑距离的最快算法在立方时间内运行(Demaine,Mozes,Rossman,Weimann; TALG '10);然而,Mao(FOCS' 21)使用快速矩阵乘法打破了树编辑距离问题的立方障碍。给定参数$k$作为距离的上界,由于Myers(Mystica '86)和Landau和Vishkin(JCSS' 88)的工作,自20世纪80年代以来,用于编辑距离的$O(n+k^2)$-时间算法已经是已知的。树编辑距离的$\tilde{O}(n+\mathrm{poly}(k))$-时间算法的存在已经被提出作为开放问题,例如,由Akmal和Jin(ICALP '21)提出,他们给出了最先进的$\tilde{O}(nk^2)$时间算法。在本文中,我们肯定地回答了这个问题。

英文摘要:

Computing the edit distance of two strings is one of the most basic problems in computer science and combinatorial optimization. Tree edit distance is a natural generalization of edit distance in which the task is to compute a measure of dissimilarity between two (unweighted) rooted trees with node labels. Perhaps the most notable recent application of tree edit distance is in NoSQL big databases, such as MongoDB, where each row of the database is a JSON document represented as a labeled rooted tree, and finding dissimilarity between two rows is a basic operation. Until recently, the fastest algorithm for tree edit distance ran in cubic time (Demaine, Mozes, Rossman, Weimann; TALG'10); however, Mao (FOCS'21) broke the cubic barrier for the tree edit distance problem using fast matrix multiplication. Given a parameter $k$ as an upper bound on the distance, an $O(n+k^2)$-time algorithm for edit distance has been known since the 1980s due to the works of Myers (Algorithmica'86) and Landau and Vishkin (JCSS'88). The existence of an $\tilde{O}(n+\mathrm{poly}(k))$-time algorithm for tree edit distance has been posed as an open question, e.g., by Akmal and Jin (ICALP'21), who gave a state-of-the-art $\tilde{O}(nk^2)$-time algorithm. In this paper, we answer this question positively.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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