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arXiv 2209.05973physics.flu-dyn
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通道流中体相流动与边界条件对微型游泳者分布的相互作用

The interplay between bulk flow and boundary conditions on the distribution of micro-swimmers in channel flow

Smitha Maretvadakethope, Andrew L. Hazel, Bakhti Vasiev, Rachel N. Bearon

AI总结:

本研究揭示了通道流中体相流动与连续介质模型边界条件间的相互作用,通过对比个体随机模型与连续介质模型,发现边界条件、旋转扩散与游泳者形状共同决定其在壁面的取向分布与积累行为。

摘要:

尽管先前对稀薄微型游泳者悬浮液的实验和数值研究集中于游泳者在体相流动和近边界的行为,但模型通常未考虑体相流动与连续介质模型中施加的边界条件选择之间的相互作用。在我们的工作中,我们强调了边界条件对体相流动分布的影响,例如通过体相流动游泳者动力学中边界层的发展或细胞积累的次级峰值。对于 Poiseuille 流中稀薄游泳者悬浮液的情况,我们将基于个体的随机模型获得的分布(在物理和取向空间中)与连续介质模型获得的分布进行比较,并为不同的物理场景(即镜面反射、均匀随机反射和吸收边界)确定数学上合理的连续介质边界条件。我们发现,优选细胞取向的扩散取决于剪切流驱动的旋转(Jeffery 轨道)与旋转扩散之间的相互作用。我们发现,在缺乏流体动力学壁相互作用的情况下,在高旋转扩散存在时游泳者优先垂直于表面接近壁,并且在低旋转扩散下游泳者对壁的优先接近是形状依赖的(当悬浮液趋向于完全确定性情况时)。在后一种情况下,对于细长游泳者,优选取向几乎平行于表面,而对于近球形游泳者,几乎垂直于表面。此外,我们强调了游泳者几何形状和剪切在整个体相流动中对游泳者轨迹的影响,并展示了体相流动动力学的完整历史如何影响微型游泳者壁入射的取向分布。

英文摘要:

While previous experimental and numerical studies of dilute micro-swimmer suspensions have focused on the behaviours of swimmers in the bulk flow and near boundaries, models typically do not account for the interplay between bulk flow and the choice of boundary conditions imposed in continuum models. In our work, we highlight the effect of boundary conditions on the bulk flow distributions, such as through the development of boundary layers or secondary peaks of cell accumulation in bulk-flow swimmer dynamics. For the case of a dilute swimmer suspension in Poiseuille flow, we compare the distribution (in physical and orientation space) obtained from individual based stochastic models with those from continuum models, and identify mathematically sensible continuum boundary conditions for different physical scenarios (i.e. specular reflection, uniform random reflection and absorbing boundaries). We identify that the spread of preferred cell orientations is dependent on the interplay between rotation driven by the shear flow (Jeffery orbits) and rotational diffusion. We find that in the absence of hydrodynamic wall-interactions, swimmers preferentially approach the walls perpendicular to the surface in the presence of high rotational diffusion, and that the preferential approach of swimmers to the walls is shape-dependent at low rotational diffusion (when suspensions tend towards a fully deterministic case). In the latter case, the preferred orientations are nearly parallel to the surface for elongated swimmers and nearly perpendicular to the surface for near-spherical swimmers. Furthermore, we highlight the effects of swimmer geometries and shear throughout the bulk-flow on swimmer trajectories and show how the full history of bulk-flow dynamics affects the orientation distributions of micro-swimmer wall incidence.

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