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arXiv 2209.00724cond-mat.mtrl-sci
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在DFT+U方法研究中UO$_2$的结构与电子性质的相对论效应

Relativistic effects in the study of structure and electronic properties of UO$_2$ within DFT+U method

Mahmoud Payami, Samira Sheykhi

AI总结:

本研究利用第一性原理DFT+U方法,对比分析了全相对论、标量相对论和非相对论三种方案对UO2电子结构与几何性质的影响,发现标量相对论适用于大多数研究,而全相对论计算能提供更精确的自旋轨道效应分析。

摘要:

为了研究包含重原子的晶体,考虑相对论效应非常重要,因为靠近原子核轨道上的电子速度可达到与真空中光速相当的水平。在本研究中,我们利用第一性原理DFT+U方法,采用全相对论、标量相对论和非相对论三种形式,分析了二氧化铀(UO2)的电子结构和几何性质。我们的研究结果表明,非相对论方案在晶格常数和带隙方面产生的结果与实验值存在显著偏差。相比之下,标量相对论方案为UO2的几何性质提供了高精度的结果,因此对大多数研究来说已经足够。然而,对于更精确的分析,应采用包含自旋轨道效应的全相对论计算,与标量相对论方法相比,该计算使Kohn-Sham带隙增加了6.2%,晶格常数减少了0.05%。

英文摘要:

To study crystals that contain heavy atoms, it is important to consider the relativistic effects, as electrons in orbitals close to the atom's nucleus can reach speeds comparable to that of light in a vacuum. In this study, we utilized the first-principles DFT+U method to analyze the electronic structure and geometric properties of uranium dioxide (UO2) using three formulations: full-relativistic, scalar-relativistic, and non-relativistic. Our findings demonstrate that the non-relativistic scheme produces results that deviate significantly from experimental values for both lattice constant and band gap. In contrast, the scalar-relativistic regime yields highly accurate results for the geometric properties of UO2, and is therefore sufficient for most studies. However, for a more precise analysis, the full-relativistic calculations with spin-orbit effects should be employed, which result in a $6.2\%$ increase in the Kohn-Sham band-gap and a $0.05\%$ decrease in the lattice constant compared to the scalar-relativistic approach.

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