arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2207.14554physics.chem-phcs.LGphysics.comp-ph
收藏

从增强采样模拟中重加权流形学习集体变量

Reweighted Manifold Learning of Collective Variables from Enhanced Sampling Simulations

Nicolaus Copernicus University(尼古拉斯·哥白尼大学);Purdue University(普渡大学);University of North Texas(北得克萨斯大学)

Jakub Rydzewski, Ming Chen, Tushar K. Ghosh, Omar Valsson

AI总结:

针对增强采样数据因概率分布有偏而难以直接用于流形学习集体变量的问题,提出基于各向异性扩散映射的重加权流形学习框架,以恢复平衡密度并构建低维CVs。

摘要:

增强采样方法在计算物理和化学中不可或缺,因为由于采样问题,原子模拟无法穷尽地采样动力系统的高维构型空间。这类增强采样方法中的一类通过识别少数缓慢自由度(称为集体变量(CVs))并沿这些CVs增强采样来工作。选择用于分析和驱动采样的CVs并非易事,通常依赖物理和化学直觉。尽管通常使用流形学习直接从标准模拟中估计CVs来规避此问题,但此类方法无法提供从增强采样模拟到低维流形的映射,因为所学流形的几何结构和密度存在偏差。在此,我们解决这一关键问题,并提供一种基于各向异性扩散映射的通用重加权框架用于流形学习,该框架考虑到学习数据集采样自有偏概率分布。我们考虑基于构建描述高维样本间转移概率的Markov链的流形学习方法。我们表明,该框架可逆转偏置效应,从而产生正确描述平衡密度的CVs。这一进展使得能够直接利用增强采样模拟生成的数据,通过流形学习构建低维CVs。我们将该框架称为重加权流形学习。我们表明,它可用于许多流形学习技术,处理来自标准模拟和增强采样模拟的数据。

英文摘要:

Enhanced sampling methods are indispensable in computational physics and chemistry, where atomistic simulations cannot exhaustively sample the high-dimensional configuration space of dynamical systems due to the sampling problem. A class of such enhanced sampling methods works by identifying a few slow degrees of freedom, termed collective variables (CVs), and enhancing the sampling along these CVs. Selecting CVs to analyze and drive the sampling is not trivial and often relies on physical and chemical intuition. Despite routinely circumventing this issue using manifold learning to estimate CVs directly from standard simulations, such methods cannot provide mappings to a low-dimensional manifold from enhanced sampling simulations as the geometry and density of the learned manifold are biased. Here, we address this crucial issue and provide a general reweighting framework based on anisotropic diffusion maps for manifold learning that takes into account that the learning data set is sampled from a biased probability distribution. We consider manifold learning methods based on constructing a Markov chain describing transition probabilities between high-dimensional samples. We show that our framework reverts the biasing effect yielding CVs that correctly describe the equilibrium density. This advancement enables the construction of low-dimensional CVs using manifold learning directly from data generated by enhanced sampling simulations. We call our framework reweighted manifold learning. We show that it can be used in many manifold learning techniques on data from both standard and enhanced sampling simulations.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑