arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2205.09487cond-mat.stat-mechphysics.chem-phquant-ph
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量子卡诺循环的数值“精确”模拟:用热力学功图分析

Numerically "exact" simulations of a quantum Carnot cycle: Analysis using thermodynamic work diagrams

Shoki Koyanagi, Yoshitaka Tanimura

摘要:

我们研究了基于开放量子动力学理论的量子卡诺热机的效率。该模型包括随时间变化的外部领域的子系统控制的等温和等熵过程和系统浴(SB)的相互作用控制这些过程之间的过渡。数值模拟进行了非微扰和非马尔可夫SB耦合制度下,这些领域在不同的周期频率使用的运动方程的层次。应用于整个系统的功和与浴的热交换进行了严格的评估。此外,将准静态功视为自由能,计算了量子热力学变量,并首次利用热力学功图对模拟结果进行了分析。这些图的分析表明,在强SB耦合区域,SB相互作用的领域是主要的工作来源,而在其他地区,该领域的子系统是一个来源的工作。我们发现,最大效率是在准静态的情况下实现的,是完全由浴温度,无论SB耦合强度,这是卡诺定理的数值表现。

英文摘要:

We investigate the efficiency of a quantum Carnot engine based on open quantum dynamics theory. The model includes time-dependent external fields for the subsystems controlling the isothermal and isentropic processes and for the system--bath (SB) interactions controlling the transition between these processes. Numerical simulations are conducted in a nonperturbative and non-Markovian SB coupling regime using the hierarchical equations of motion under these fields at different cycle frequencies. The work applied to the total system and the heat exchanged with the baths are rigorously evaluated. In addition, by regarding quasi-static work as free energy, we compute the quantum thermodynamic variables and analyze the simulation results using thermodynamic work diagrams for the first time. Analysis of these diagrams indicates that, in the strong SB coupling region, the fields for the SB interactions are major sources of work, while in other regions, the field for the subsystem is a source of work. We find that the maximum efficiency is achieved in the quasi-static case and is determined solely by the bath temperatures, regardless of the SB coupling strength, which is a numerical manifestation of Carnot's theorem.

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