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arXiv 2205.08784astro-ph.SRastro-ph.EP
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具有圆盘的递阶三元系统的吸积率

Accretion rates in hierarchical triple systems with discs

Simone Ceppi, Nicolás Cuello, Giuseppe Lodato, Cathie Clarke, Claudia Toci, Daniel J. Price

摘要:

年轻的多星系在其生命的最初几百万年,在原恒星和原行星阶段,吸积了大部分的最终质量。先前的研究表明,在双星系统中,大部分吸积质量落在较轻的恒星上,从而演化为质量均衡。然而,年轻的恒星系统通常由两颗以上的恒星组成,预计它们将处于等级结构中。尽管其天体物理学的相关性,在分级系统的差异吸积仍有待了解。在这项工作中,我们调查是否吸积趋势预期在二进制是有效的高阶多次。我们进行了一组三维光滑粒子流体动力学模拟的二进制和层次三元组(HT)嵌入在吸积盘,与代码幻影。我们确定的第一次吸积的趋势,在高温超导体和他们的偏差相比,二进制。这些偏差,由于相互作用的小的二进制与下落的材料从circum-triple盘,可以描述与半解析处方。一般来说,HT中较小的双星比同质量的单个恒星吸积更多的质量。我们发现,在HT中,如果小双星比第三体重,标准的微分吸积方案(即第二个吸积更多的质量)受到阻碍。反过来,如果小双星比第三体轻,标准的微分吸积情况就会增强。我们在高温超导体中发现的特殊的微分吸积机制可能会影响它们的质量比分布。

英文摘要:

Young multiple systems accrete most of their final mass in the first few Myr of their lifetime, during the protostellar and protoplanetary phases. Previous studies showed that in binary systems the majority of the accreted mass falls onto the lighter star, thus evolving to mass equalisation. However, young stellar systems often comprise more than two stars, which are expected to be in hierarchical configurations. Despite its astrophysical relevance, differential accretion in hierarchical systems remains to be understood. In this work, we investigate whether the accretion trends expected in binaries are valid for higher order multiples. We performed a set of 3D Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics simulations of binaries and of hierarchical triples (HTs) embedded in an accretion disc, with the code Phantom. We identify for the first time accretion trends in HTs and their deviations compared to binaries. These deviations, due to the interaction of the small binary with the infalling material from the circum-triple disc, can be described with a semi-analytical prescription. Generally, the smaller binary of a HT accretes more mass than a single star of the same mass as the smaller binary. We found that in a HT, if the small binary is heavier than the third body, the standard differential accretion scenario (whereby the secondary accretes more of the mass) is hampered. Reciprocally, if the small binary is lighter than the third body, the standard differential accretion scenario is enhanced. The peculiar differential accretion mechanism we find in HTs is expected to affect their mass ratio distribution.

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