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arXiv 2205.03073q-bio.PEphysics.soc-ph
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突变诱导的疾病感染波,如COVID-19

Mutation induced infection waves in diseases like COVID-19

Fabian Jan Schwarzendahl, Jens Grauer, Benno Liebchen, Hartmut Löwen

摘要:

在全球超过600万人死亡后,正在进行的征服COVID-19疾病的疫苗接种现在正在与越来越具有传染性的突变的出现竞争,反复取代早期的菌株。由于几乎没有类似情况下传染病长期演变的历史例子,模型对于预测可能的情景至关重要。因此,在目前的工作中,我们系统地概括了流行的易感染-感染-恢复模型,以解释导致重复出现的新菌株的突变,我们基于统计力学的工具进行粗粒化,以推导出预测最可能结果的模型。该模型预测,突变可以在早期诱导感染数量的超指数增长,这会自我放大到巨大的感染波,这是由感染数量和突变之间的正反馈回路引起的,并导致大多数人群同时感染。在后期阶段-如果疫苗接种进展太慢-突变可能会中断感染数量的持续减少,并可能导致感染复发,这些感染复发以单波甚至整个波列的形式发生,其特征是感染数量减少和增加的交替时期。这一可能由突变引起的情景的全景应该在更详细的模型中进行测试,以探索它们对特定传染病的具体意义。此外,我们的研究结果可能是有用的讨论有关的重要性,释放疫苗专利,以减少突变引起的感染复苏的风险,但也协调释放的措施后,感染人数的下降趋势。

英文摘要:

After more than 6 million deaths worldwide, the ongoing vaccination to conquer the COVID-19 disease is now competing with the emergence of increasingly contagious mutations, repeatedly supplanting earlier strains. Following the near-absence of historical examples of the long-time evolution of infectious diseases under similar circumstances, models are crucial to exemplify possible scenarios. Accordingly, in the present work we systematically generalize the popular susceptible-infected-recovered model to account for mutations leading to repeatedly occurring new strains, which we coarse grain based on tools from statistical mechanics to derive a model predicting the most likely outcomes. The model predicts that mutations can induce a super-exponential growth of infection numbers at early times, which self-amplify to giant infection waves which are caused by a positive feedback loop between infection numbers and mutations and lead to a simultaneous infection of the majority of the population. At later stage -- if vaccination progresses too slowly -- mutations can interrupt an ongoing decrease of infection numbers and can cause infection revivals which occur as single waves or even as whole wave trains featuring alternative periods of decreasing and increasing infection numbers. This panorama of possible mutation-induced scenarios should be tested in more detailed models to explore their concrete significance for specific infectious diseases. Further, our results might be useful for discussions regarding the importance of a release of vaccine-patents to reduce the risk of mutation-induced infection revivals but also to coordinate the release of measures following a downwards trend of infection numbers.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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