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arXiv 2203.17047physics.chem-ph
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相空间平均值的从头算机器学习

Ab initio machine learning of phase space averages

Jan Weinreich, Dominik Lemm, Guido Falk von Rudorff, O. Anatole von Lilienfeld

摘要:

平衡结构决定物质的性质和生化功能。我们建议机器学习相空间平均值,通常通过{ \em ab initio}或基于力场的分子动力学(MD)或蒙特卡罗模拟获得。与\textit(从头算)分子动力学(AIMD)类似,我们的{ \em从头算}机器学习(AIML)模型不需要键拓扑结构,因此能够通过通用机器学习途径在整个化合物空间中集成属性。我们展示了AIML预测玻尔兹曼平均结构训练数百MD轨迹后。AIML输出随后用于使用实验数据来训练溶剂化自由能的机器学习模型,并在毫秒内达到样品外分子的竞争性预测误差(MAE $\sim$ 0.8 kcal/mol)。因此,AIML有效地绕过了对基于MD或MC的相空间采样的需要,使整个CCS的勘探活动以更快的速度进行。我们将我们的研究结果与最先进的方法进行比较,从而在准确性和时间方面为溶剂化预测的自由能绘制帕累托图。

英文摘要:

Equilibrium structures determine material properties and biochemical functions. We propose to machine learn phase-space averages, conventionally obtained by {\em ab initio} or force-field based molecular dynamics (MD) or Monte Carlo simulations. In analogy to \textit(ab initio} molecular dynamics (AIMD), our {\em ab initio} machine learning (AIML) model does not require bond topologies and therefore enables a general machine learning pathway to ensemble properties throughout chemical compound space. We demonstrate AIML for predicting Boltzmann averaged structures after training on hundreds of MD trajectories. AIML output is subsequently used to train machine learning models of free energies of solvation using experimental data, and reaching competitive prediction errors (MAE $\sim$ 0.8 kcal/mol) for out-of-sample molecules -- within milli-seconds. As such, AIML effectively bypasses the need for MD or MC-based phase space sampling, enabling exploration campaigns throughout CCS at a much accelerated pace. We contextualize our findings by comparison to state-of-the-art methods resulting in a Pareto plot for the free energy of solvation predictions in terms of accuracy and time.

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