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arXiv 2203.07530cs.ROcs.CV
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TTCDist:使用接触时间的主动单目相机快速距离估计

TTCDist: Fast Distance Estimation From an Active Monocular Camera Using Time-to-Contact

University of Maryland(马里兰大学);Worcester Polytechnic Institute(伍斯特理工学院);University of Maryland Institute for Advanced Computer Studies(马里兰大学高级计算机研究所)

Levi Burner, Nitin J. Sanket, Cornelia Fermüller, Yiannis Aloimonos

摘要:

视觉距离估计是机器人导航、操纵和规划等众多应用的基础。受哺乳动物的视觉系统,它凝视着特定的物体,我们开发了两个新的约束条件有关的时间接触,加速度和距离,我们称之为$τ$约束和$Φ$约束。它们允许活动(移动)相机在仅使用图像的一小部分的情况下有效且准确地估计深度。该约束条件适用于距离传感、传感器融合和视觉伺服。我们成功地验证了所提出的约束与两个实验。第一个应用这两个约束条件的轨迹估计任务与单目相机和惯性测量单元(IMU)。我们的方法实现了30-70%的平均轨迹误差,同时运行25 $\times$和6.2 $\times$分别比流行的视觉惯性里程计方法VINS-Mono和ROVIO快。第二个实验表明,当约束被用于反馈与efference副本所得到的闭环系统的特征值是不变的应用控制信号的缩放。我们相信,这些结果表明,$τ$和$Φ$约束的基础上,强大的和有效的算法,为众多的机器人应用的潜力。

英文摘要:

Distance estimation from vision is fundamental for a myriad of robotic applications such as navigation, manipulation, and planning. Inspired by the mammal's visual system, which gazes at specific objects, we develop two novel constraints relating time-to-contact, acceleration, and distance that we call the $τ$-constraint and $Φ$-constraint. They allow an active (moving) camera to estimate depth efficiently and accurately while using only a small portion of the image. The constraints are applicable to range sensing, sensor fusion, and visual servoing. We successfully validate the proposed constraints with two experiments. The first applies both constraints in a trajectory estimation task with a monocular camera and an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU). Our methods achieve 30-70% less average trajectory error while running 25$\times$ and 6.2$\times$ faster than the popular Visual-Inertial Odometry methods VINS-Mono and ROVIO respectively. The second experiment demonstrates that when the constraints are used for feedback with efference copies the resulting closed loop system's eigenvalues are invariant to scaling of the applied control signal. We believe these results indicate the $τ$ and $Φ$ constraint's potential as the basis of robust and efficient algorithms for a multitude of robotic applications.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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