arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2203.03447astro-ph.SRphysics.space-ph
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日冕旋转的太阳周期研究:大的变化,快速变化和对太阳风模型的影响

A solar-cycle study of coronal rotation: large variations, rapid changes, and implications for solar wind models

Liam T. Edwards, David Kuridze, Thomas Williams, Huw Morgan

摘要:

关于日冕旋转速率及其随纬度和太阳周期变化的信息,对于在日冕和太阳之间建立全球联系、对重新连接速率进行全球估计以及作为太阳风建模的基本参数都很有价值。在这里,我们使用从2007 - 2020年之间的日冕观测中获得的时间序列断层摄影图来直接测量高密度流光随时间的纵向漂移。该方法揭示了旋转速率的突然变化,揭示了日冕旋转和底层光球之间的复杂关系。大多数发生率在-1.0至+0.5 $^\circ$/天之间,而标准Carrington发生率为14.18 $^\circ$ /天,尽管测量的发生率低至-2.2 $^\circ$ /天,高至1.6 $^\circ$ /天。2008年太阳活动极小期期间的赤道自转速率略快于卡林顿速率,并在2009年突然转向缓慢自转,然后在2017年恢复到更快的速率。在所有纬度都可以看到速率的突变和大的变化。与磁模型的比较表明,赤道快速旋转的周期与时间相关联时,赤道流光的大部分磁足点在赤道附近,我们解释的流光光球足点的纬向分布的突变。日冕旋转速率是太阳风模型的一个关键参数,每天一度或更大的变化会导致在几天以上的预测期内产生很大的系统误差。本文所述的方法给出了修正值,可以形成未来预测工作的一部分。

英文摘要:

Information on the rotation rate of the corona, and its variation over latitude and solar cycle, is valuable for making global connections between the corona and the Sun, for global estimates of reconnection rates, and as a basic parameter for solar wind modelling. Here, we use a time series of tomographical maps gained from coronagraph observations between 2007 - 2020 to directly measure the longitudinal drift of high-density streamers over time. The method reveals abrupt changes in rotation rates, revealing a complex relationship between the coronal rotation and the underlying photosphere. The majority of rates are between -1.0 to +0.5$^\circ$/day relative to the standard Carrington rate of 14.18$^\circ$/day, although rates are measured as low as -2.2$^\circ$/day and as high as 1.6$^\circ$/day. Equatorial rotation rates during the 2008 solar minimum are slightly faster than the Carrington rate, with an abrupt switch to slow rotation in 2009, then a return to faster rates in 2017. Abrupt changes and large variations in rates are seen at all latitudes. Comparison with a magnetic model suggests that periods of equatorial fast rotation are associated with times when a large proportion of the magnetic footpoints of equatorial streamers are near the equator, and we interpret the abrupt changes in terms of the latitudinal distribution of the streamer photospheric footpoints. The coronal rotation rate is a key parameter for solar wind models, and variations of up to a degree per day or more can lead to large systematic errors over forecasting periods of longer than a few days. The approach described in this paper gives corrected values that can form a part of future forecasting efforts.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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