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arXiv 2203.03016astro-ph.HEastro-ph.CO
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星系团中射电晕的统计特性和再加速种子电子的起源

Statistical Properties of Radio Halos in Galaxy Clusters and Origin of Seed Electrons for Reacceleration

Kosuke Nishiwaki, Katsuaki Asano

摘要:

在星系团中产生射电晕(RH)的最有希望的机制之一是宇宙射线电子的再加速。然而,再加速的种子电子的起源仍然受到很差的约束。在次级方案中,大多数种子电子通过质子宇宙射线的碰撞注入,而在初级方案中,非热电子直接注入。在本文中,我们研究了两种情况下的种子电子与观察到的统计性质的RH,结合两种方法:以下的时间演化的电子能量和径向分布在一个集群,并合并的历史集群。我们发现,相对湿度的寿命在很大程度上取决于种子的起源,因为它可能比宇宙学的时间尺度在次级方案。我们研究的RH的发病条件与观测的RH分数和RH的寿命,我们得到,发现长寿命的RH在次级方案中应起源于主要的合并与$ξ\sim0.1$的质量比,而短的寿命在初级方案中需要更频繁的发病与$ξ\sim0.01$的次要合并。我们的湍流加速的简单模型可以再现所观察到的无线电光度质量关系。我们得到的RH光度函数表明,预期的RH数计数与ASKAP调查将检测$\approx10^3$ RH在这两种情况下。

英文摘要:

One of the most promising mechanisms for producing radio halos (RHs) in galaxy clusters is the reacceleration of cosmic-ray electrons by turbulences. However, the origin of the seed electrons for the reacceleration is still poorly constrained. In the secondary scenario, most of the seed electrons are injected via collision of proton cosmic-rays, while non-thermal electrons are directly injected in the primary scenario. In this paper, we examine the two scenarios for the seed electrons with the observed statistical properties of RHs, combining two methods: following the temporal evolutions of the electron energy and radial distributions in a cluster, and the merger history of clusters. We find that the RH lifetime largely depends on the seed origin, as it could be longer than the cosmological timescale in the secondary scenario. We study the condition for the onset of RHs with the observed RH fraction and the RH lifetime we obtained, and find that long-lived RHs in the secondary scenario should be originated from major mergers with a mass ratio of $ξ\sim0.1$, while the short lifetime in the primary scenario requires more frequent onsets by minor mergers with $ξ\sim0.01$. Our simple model of the turbulence acceleration can reproduce the observed radio luminosity-mass relation. The RH luminosity functions we obtained suggest that the expected RH number count with the ASKAP survey will detect $\approx10^3$ RHs in both the scenarios.

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