arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2202.11935astro-ph.EPastro-ph.GAastro-ph.SR
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行星人口合成:恒星相遇的作用

Planet population synthesis: The role of stellar encounters

Nelson Ndugu, Oyirwoth Patrick Abedigamba, Geoffrey Andama

摘要:

根据恒星密度的不同,星团中的原行星盘会经历背景加热、恒星碰撞驱动的盘截断和光蒸发。圆盘的截断导致特征尺寸和圆盘质量的减小,最终阻止了气体巨星行星形成。我们调查如何光盘截断影响行星形成通过卵石为基础的核心吸积范例,卵石大小来自光盘寿命内的全粒度分布。我们做了最好的假设,每个圆盘有一个胚胎和一个恒星相遇。使用行星人口合成技术,我们发现,光盘截断移动光盘质量分布到较低的边缘。这降低了气体巨星的出现率。尽管在聚集盘中气体巨星的形成率降低,但相遇模型大多显示在孤立的区域中;冷的碰撞比热的碰撞更频繁,与观测一致。此外,热,冷扰动的比例取决于近星点的分布与近星点比的线性分布,表现出增强的热,冷扰动的比例相比,其余的模型。我们的结果是有效的,在最好的情况下,我们的假设:只有一个光盘遇到一个扰动,环境背景加热和不太猖獗的光蒸发。如果行星盘遭遇、背景加热和光蒸发同时发生作用,气体巨星行星形成会受到多大的影响,目前还不清楚。因此,我们的研究将有望成为定量研究星团环境对行星形成的详细影响的动力。

英文摘要:

Depending on the stellar densities, protoplanetary discs in stellar clusters undergo background heating, disc truncation-driven by stellar encounter, and photo-evaporation. Disc truncation leads to reduced characteristic sizes and disc masses that eventually halts gas giant planet formation. We investigate how disc truncation impacts planet formation via pebble-based core accretion paradigm, where pebble sizes were derived from the full grain-size distribution within the disc lifetimes. We make the best-case assumption of one embryo and one stellar encounter per disc. Using planet population syntheses techniques, we find that disc truncation shifts the disc mass distributions to the lower margins. This consequently lowered the gas giant occurrence rates. Despite the reduced gas giant formation rates in clustered discs, the encounter models mostly show as in the isolated field; the cold Jupiters are more frequent than the hot Jupiters, consistent with observation. Moreover, the ratio of hot to cold Jupiters depend on the periastron distribution of the perturbers with linear distribution in periastron ratio showing enhanced hot to cold Jupiters ratio in comparison to the remaining models. Our results are valid in the best-case scenario corresponding to our assumptions of: only one disc encounter with a perturber, ambient background heating and less rampant photo-evaporation. It is not known exactly of how much gas giant planet formation would be affected should disc encounter, background heating and photo-evaporation act in a concert. Thus, our study will hopefully serve as motivation for quantitative investigations of the detailed impact of stellar cluster environments on planet formations.

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