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arXiv 2202.11541cond-mat.mes-hallphysics.app-ph
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使用石墨烯波导的多维微波传感

Multi-dimensional microwave sensing using graphene waveguides

Patrik Gubeljak, Lorenzo Pedrazzetti, Oliver J. Burton, Luca Magagnin, Stephan Hofmann, George G. Malliaras, Antonio Lombardo

摘要:

本文提出了一种电解选通宽带微波传感器,原子级薄的石墨烯层集成到共面波导中,并与微流体通道耦合。测试溶液与石墨烯表面之间的相互作用导致石墨烯的DC和AC电导率的材料和浓度特异性改变。此外,在波导中的波传播被修改的介电性质的材料在其附近通过边缘场,导致在一个组合的传感机制,导致增强的S参数响应相比,金属微波传感器。通过电解门进一步控制石墨烯导电性的可能性使得一种新的多维方法能够合并化学场效应传感和微波测量方法。通过控制和同步频率扫描,电化学门控和微流体通道中的液体流动,我们生成多维数据集,从而能够对所研究的溶液进行彻底的调查。作为概念的证明,我们功能化石墨烯表面,以识别分散在磷酸盐缓冲盐水溶液中的特定单链DNA序列。我们实现了一个完美匹配的DNA链的检测限~1阿托摩尔每升和一个3分贝/十年的亚pM浓度的灵敏度。这些结果表明,我们的设备代表了一种新的和准确的化学和生物传感器。

英文摘要:

This paper presents an electrolytically gated broadband microwave sensor where atomically-thin graphene layers are integrated into coplanar waveguides and coupled with microfluidic channels. The interaction between a solution under test and the graphene surface causes material and concentration-specific modifications of graphene's DC and AC conductivity. Moreover, wave propagation in the waveguide is modified by the dielectric properties of materials in its close proximity via the fringe field, resulting in a combined sensing mechanism leading to an enhanced S-parameter response compared to metallic microwave sensors. The possibility of further controlling the graphene conductivity via an electrolytic gate enables a new, multi-dimensional approach merging chemical field-effect sensing and microwave measurement methods. By controlling and synchronizing frequency sweeps, electrochemical gating and liquid flow in the microfluidic channel, we generate multidimensional datasets that enable a thorough investigation of the solution under study. As proof of concept, we functionalize the graphene surface in order to identify specific single-stranded DNA sequences dispersed in phosphate buffered saline solution. We achieve a limit of detection of ~1 attomole per litre for a perfect match DNA strand and a sensitivity of ~3 dB/decade for sub-pM concentrations. These results show that our devices represent a new and accurate metrological tool for chemical and biological sensing.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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