A thermal diode based on the asymmetric radiative heat transfer between nanoparticles assisted by the nonreciprocal graphene plasmons waveguides is proposed in this work. The thermal diode system consists of two particles and a drift-biased suspended graphene sheet in close proximity of them. Nonreciprocal graphene plasmons are induced by the drift currents in the graphene sheet, and then couple to the waves emitted by the particles in near-field regime. Based on the asymmetry with respect to their propagation direction of graphene plasmons, the thermal rectification between the two particles is observed. The performance of the radiative thermal diode can be actively adjusted through tuning the chemical potential or changing the drift currents in the graphene sheet. With a large drift velocity and a small chemical potential, a perfect radiative thermal diode with a rectification coefficient extremely approaching to 1 can be achieved within a wide range of the interparticle distance from near to far-field. The dispersion relations of the graphene plasmons are adopted to analyze the underlying physics of the rectification effect. In addition, due to the wide band characteristic of the nonreciprocal graphene plasmons, the driftbiased graphene can act as a universal platform for the thermal rectification between particles. The particles with a larger particle resonance frequency are much more preferred to produce a better thermal diode. This technology could find broad applications in the field of thermal management at nanoscale
Here, we investigate the nonreciprocal propagation and amplification of surface plasmons in drift-current biased graphene, using both Galilean and relativistic-type Doppler shift transformations of the graphene's conductivity. Consistent with previous studies, both conductivity models predict strongly nonreciprocal propagation of surface plasmons due to the drag effect caused by the drifting electrons. In particular, the Galilean Doppler shift model leads to stronger spectral asymmetries in the plasmon dispersion with regimes of unidirectional propagation. Remarkably, it is shown that both con…
In this Rapid Communication, we theoretically demonstrate that near-field radiative heat transfer (NFRHT) can be modulated and enhanced by a new energy transmission mode of evanescent wave, i.e. the nonreciprocal surface plasmons polaritons (NSPPs). In addition to the well-known coupled surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs), applying a drift current on a graphene sheet leads to an extremely asymmetric photonic transmission model, which has never been noted in the noncontact heat exchanges at nanoscale before. The coupling of plasmons in the infrared bands dominates the NFRHT, associated with low l…
The current (voltage) responsivity of the superlattice-based diode detectors in the terahertz frequency band which includes the region of the polar optical phonon frequencies has been analyzed theoretically. Within the framework of the equivalent circuit approach an electro-dynamical model which allows one to analyze the responsivity taking into account the plasmon polariton excitation both in the substrate and in the contact layers of the diodes has been suggested. It has been shown that the presence of the plasmon polariton excitation gives rise to strong features in the frequency dependence…
Superconducting diode effect in magnetic superconductors realized by nonreciprocal domain-wall dynamics
Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology（韩国科学技术院）；University of Seoul（首尔大学）；Korea Institute for Advanced Study（韩国高等研究院）；University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign（伊利诺伊大学厄巴纳-香槟分校）；Texas A&M University（德克萨斯农工大学）；University of Texas at Austin（德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校）
We propose a possible experimental setup for nonreciprocal electron transport in a lateral spin valve due to noncoplanar distribution of magnetic moment (and field) in the system. Some metals (Al, Cu) and semiconductors (GaAs, InSb etc.) demonstrate spin accumulation even at room temperatures due to large spin flip lengths (0.3--2.0 $μm$). The Hanle precession was observed in lateral spin valves based on such materials and two parallel magnetic electrodes. We provide theoretical estimations which show that the nonreciprocal effect in a configuration with non-parallel magnetic electrodes is of …
Nonreciprocal plasmonic response of drift-biased two-dimensional metals
Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia（意大利理工大学）；University of Southern Denmark（南丹麦大学）；Danish Institute for Advanced Study, University of Southern Denmark（南丹麦大学丹麦高等研究院）
We investigate spontaneous entanglement of two qubits mediated by nonreciprocal surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) in a Weyl semimetal. In the absence of external magnetic fields, the topology of the Weyl semimetal even gives rise to nonreciprocal SPPs that are topologically protected and reside inside the photonic gap. We utilize this nonreciprocal SPP as a mediator of entanglement of two spatially-separated qubits. Our two main findings are: (1) the nonreciprocal SPP gives better quantum entanglement than the reciprocal one, and (2) the achieved entanglement is sufficiently long-lived compare…
We demonstrate the possibility to rectify the nanoscale radiative heat flux between two nanoparticles by coupling them with the nonreciprocal surface modes of a magneto-optical substrate in a Voigt configuration. When the non-reciprocal medium supports a surface wave in the spectral window where heat exchanges take place the rectification coefficient can reach large values opening so the way to the design of true thermal diodes.
The hetero junction between the different materials often gives the rectification effect; e.g., pn junction is used for diode. On the other hand, the Josephson junction between the two superconductors is assumed to show symmetric response between the two directions of the current, i.e., the voltage drop $V$ is anti-symmetric with respect to the sign change of the current $I$. However, there should be an asymmetry between the states of charge accumulation on right and left sides of the Josephson junction, which can lead to the nonreciprocal responses. Here we demonstrate theoretically that nonr…
Nonreciprocal devices that permit wave transmission in only one direction are indispensible in many fields of science including, e.g., electronics, optics, acoustics, and thermodynamics. Manipulating phonons using such nonreciprocal devices may have a range of applications such as phonon diodes, transistors, switches, etc. One way of achieving nonreciprocal phononic devices is to use materials with strong nonlinear response to phonons. However, it is not easy to obtain the required strong mechanical nonlinearity, especially for few-phonon situations. Here, we present a general mechanism to amp…
Drift-Induced Nonreciprocal Hyperbolic Polaritons in Graphene/$α$-MoO$_3$ Heterostructures
Universidad Politécnica de Madrid（马德里理工大学）；Instituto de Sistemas Optoelectrónicos y Microtecnología, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid（马德里理工大学光电子与微技术研究所）；Departamento de Ingeniería Electrónica, E.T.S.I de Telecomunicación, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid（马德里理工大学电信工程学院电子工程系）
Light-matter interaction in two-dimension photonic materials allows for confinement and control of free-space radiation on sub-wavelength scales. Most notably, the van der Waals heterostructure obtained by stacking graphene (G) and hexagonal Boron Nitride (hBN) can provide for hybrid hyperbolic plasmon phonon-polaritons (HP3). Here, we present a polariton diode effect and low-bias control of HP3 modes confined in G-hBN. Using broadband infrared synchrotron radiation coupled to a scattering-type near-field optical microscope, we launch HP3 waves over both hBN Reststrahlen bands and observe the …
Strong optical nonreciprocity at the nanoscale, relying on extreme one-way modes and backscattering suppression, can enable fundamentally new approaches in optoelectronics and plasmonics. Of special interest is achieving nonreciprocity in systems devoid of magnetic couplings. We describe a new approach based on the plasmonic Doppler effect which takes place for plasmons propagating in the presence of an electrical DC current. Large carrier drift velocities reachable in high-mobility electron systems, such as graphene, can enable strongly nonreciprocal or even fully one-way modes. Striking effe…
Nonreciprocal Equilibrium Josephson Effect of Arbitrary Periodicity from Poor Man's Majorana Zero Modes
Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences（北京量子信息科学研究院）；CAS Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics, Institute of Theoretical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院理论物理研究所）；Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen（哥本哈根大学尼尔斯·玻尔研究所）
To violate Kirchhoff s law is very important in the areas of thermal radiation. However, due to the weak nonreciprocity in natural materials, it is necessary to engineer novel structures to break the balance between emission and absorption. In this work, we introduce magneto-optical material into Fibonacci photonic crystals. Assisted by the nonreciprocity of the magneto-optical material and the excitation of Tamm plasmon polaritons, strong nonreciprocal thermal radiation can be realized. The difference between absorption and emission at wavelength of 16 μm can reach 0.9 at the incident angle o…
Large Field-Free Superconducting Diode Effect with Nonmonotonic Polarity Reversals in NbSe$_2$/CrBr$_3$ Heterostructures
Southern University of Science and Technology（南方科技大学）；International Quantum Academy, and Shenzhen Branch, Hefei National Laboratory（国际量子科学院，合肥国家实验室深圳分院）；Eastern Institute for Advanced Study, Eastern Institute of Technology（宁波东方理工大学（暂名）先进研究院）；State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Sun Yat‑sen University（中山大学光电信息材料与技术国家重点实验室）
Supercurrent Diode Effect in Josephson Interferometers with Multiband Superconductors
CNR-SPIN（意大利国家研究委员会自旋物理学研究所）；Institute for Theoretical Solid State Physics, Leibniz-Institut für Festkörper- und Werkstoffforschung IFW-Dresden（德累斯顿勒布尼兹固体与材料研究所凝聚态物理理论研究所）；Istituto Lombardo “Accademia di Scienze e Lettere”（伦巴第科学院）；NEST Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR and Scuola Normale Superiore（意大利国家研究委员会纳米科学研究所与比萨高等师范学院）；Universitá di Salerno（萨莱诺大学）
We show that an isotropic dipolar particle in the vicinity of a substrate made of nonreciprocal plasmonic materials can experience a lateral Casimir force and torque when the particle's temperature differs from that of the slab and the environment. We connect the existence of the lateral force to the asymmetric dispersion of nonreciprocal surface polaritons and the existence of the lateral torque to the spin-momentum locking of such surface waves. Using the formalism of fluctuational electrodynamics, we show that the features of lateral force and torque should be experimentally observable usin…
