反铁磁 Mott 绝缘体 α-RuCl$_3$ 中超导二极管效应的观测
Observation of superconducting diode effect in antiferromagnetic Mott insulator $α$-RuCl$_3$
AI总结：
研究在 α-RuCl$_3$/NbSe$_2$ 范德华异质结构中利用近邻效应观测到面外弱磁场下的超导二极管效应，并指出 Ising 型自旋-轨道耦合的可能机制。
摘要：
非互易超导，也称为自发破缺时间反演对称性的超导二极管效应，其特征是在相反施加电流方向下临界电流不对称。这一独特状态揭示了丰富而引人关注的物理性质，尤其是在超导体纳米科学应用领域。为了在实验上实现超导二极管效应，构建磁体与 s 波超导体的二维异质结构被认为是一条很有前景的途径。在本研究中，我们展示了在磁性 Mott 绝缘体 α-RuCl$_3$ 中表现出的超导二极管效应的发现。该现象由范德华异质结构内的近邻效应诱导，该异质结构由薄的 α-RuCl$_3$/NbSe$_2$ 薄片构成。通过输运性质测量，我们确认了一个 0.2 meV 的弱超导能隙，显著低于 NbSe$_2$ 的本征能隙（1.2 meV）。在施加低于 70 mT 的弱磁场时，我们观测到正、负施加电流下临界电流的不对称性。这一观测证明了超导 α-RuCl$_3$ 中存在典型的超导二极管效应。超导二极管效应和非互易电阻仅在磁场沿面外方向取向时被观测到。这表明超导 α-RuCl$_3$ 中的 Ising 型自旋-轨道耦合可能是该机制的成因。我们的发现为通过人工构建异质结构探索超导二极管效应提供了一个平台。
英文摘要：
Nonreciprocal superconductivity, also called as superconducting diode effect that spontaneously breaks time-reversal symmetry, is characterized by asymmetric critical currents under opposite applied current directions. This distinct state unveils a rich ore of intriguing physical properties, particularly in the realm of nanoscience application of superconductors. Towards the experimental realization of superconducting diode effect, the construction of two-dimensional heterostructures of magnets and $s$-wave superconductors is considered to be a promising pathway. In this study, we present our findings of superconducting diode effect manifested in the magnetic Mott insulator $α$-RuCl$_3$. This phenomenon is induced by the proximity effect within a van der Waals heterostructure, consisting of thin $α$-RuCl$_3$/NbSe$_2$ flakes. Through transport property measurements, we have confirmed a weak superconducting gap of 0.2 meV, which is significantly lower than the intrinsic gap of NbSe$_2$(1.2 meV). Upon the application of a weak magnetic field below 70 mT, we observed an asymmetry in the critical currents under positive and negative applied currents. This observation demonstrates a typical superconducting diode effect in the superconducting $α$-RuCl$_3$. The superconducting diode effect and nonreciprocal resistance are observed exclusively when the magnetic field is aligned out-of-plane. This suggests that an Ising-type spin-orbit coupling in the superconducting $α$-RuCl$_3$ may be responsible for the mechanism. Our findings furnish a platform for the exploration of superconducting diode effect via the artificial construction of heterostructures.
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