四叶RFQ加速器高功率运行的多物理场耦合分析
Coupled multiphysics analysis of a 4-vane RFQ accelerator under high power operation
摘要：
四叶片射频四极杆（Radio Frequency Quadrupole，简称UHF）的射频谐振四象限机械结构具有高品质因数和窄带宽，导致在高功率操作下对由热膨胀引起的频率失谐具有高灵敏度，因此最小化频率误差和提供动态调谐是非常重要的设计问题。在这里，我们描述了一种优化方法，以找出一个合适的冷却设计的4叶片涡轮机在稳态。此外，我们还研究了加速器在瞬态热分析中的响应，这有助于指导调试和减少频率失谐。以新近研制的176 MHz四叶片涡轮机为例，利用CST和ANSYS进行了多物理场分析。当达到80 kV的叶片间电压时，该整流器将消耗211 kW，这是在5.3米内将80 mA质子从65 keV加速到2.5 MeV所需的。
英文摘要：
The radiofrequency resonant four-quadrant mechanical structure of a 4-vane Radio Frequency Quadrupole (RFQ) has a high quality factor and narrow bandwidth, resulting in high sensitivity to frequency detuning caused by thermal expansion under high power operation, so minimization of frequency errors and affording dynamic tuning are very important design issues. Here we describe an optimization approach to figure out a suitable cooling design for a 4-vane RFQ in steady state. Besides, we investigate how the accelerator responds in transient thermal analysis that could help to guide commissioning and reduce frequency detuning. Multiphysics analysis utilized with CST and ANSYS for a recently developed 176 MHz 4-vane RFQ is taken as an example. This RFQ will dissipate 211 kW when reaching an inter-vane voltage of 80 kV, which is required for an acceleration of an 80-mA proton from 65 keV to 2.5 MeV in 5.3 meters.
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