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arXiv 2202.07892quant-phcond-mat.stat-mech
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穿越量子临界点时的多体纠缠

Multipartite Entanglement in Crossing the Quantum Critical Point

Hao-Yu Sun, Zi-Yong Ge, Heng Fan

AI总结:

本文通过量子Fisher信息研究量子伊辛模型和Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick模型在缓慢淬火穿越量子临界点时的多体纠缠,发现其标度行为符合Kibble-Zurek机制,并揭示了长程物理对修正的影响。

摘要:

我们研究了缓慢量子淬火穿越临界点时的多体纠缠。我们考虑了量子伊辛模型和Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick模型,它们分别是局域和全连接量子系统。多体纠缠通过量子Fisher信息来量化,其生成元定义为铁磁序参量的算符。淬火动力学从顺磁相的基态开始,然后缓慢驱动横场以穿越量子临界点,并以零横场结束。对于量子伊辛模型,基于矩阵乘积态方法,我们计算了末态的量子Fisher信息密度。线性和非线性淬火的数值结果表明,末态的量子Fisher信息密度按淬火速率的幂律标度,总体上符合Kibble-Zurek机制的预测,并带有一个小的修正。我们证明这一修正来源于长程行为。我们还计算了Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick模型中的量子Fisher信息密度。结果表明,在这个全连接系统中,量子Fisher信息的标度更好地符合Kibble-Zurek机制,因为在这个非局域系统中无法定义长程物理。我们的结果揭示了多体纠缠为理解量子相变动力学,特别是非平凡的长程物理,提供了一个替代视角。

英文摘要:

We investigate the multipartite entanglement for a slow quantum quench crossing a critical point. We consider the quantum Ising model and the Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick model, which are local and full-connected quantum systems, respectively. The multipartite entanglement is quantified by quantum Fisher information with the generator defined as the operator of the ferromagnetic order parameter. The quench dynamics begins with a ground state in a paramagnetic phase, and then the transverse field is driven slowly to cross a quantum critical point, and ends with a zero transverse field. For the quantum Ising model, based on methods of matrix product states, we calculate the quantum Fisher information density of the final state. Numerical results of both linear and nonlinear quenches show that the quantum Fisher information density of the final state scales as a power law of the quench rate, which overall conforms to the prediction of the Kibble-Zurek mechanism with a small correction. We show that this correction results from the long-range behaviors. We also calculate the quantum Fisher information density in the Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick model. The results show that the scaling of quantum Fisher information in this full-connected system conforms to the Kibble-Zurek mechanism better, since the long-range physics cannot be defined in this nonlocal system. Our results reveal that the multipartite entanglement provides an alternative viewpoint to understand the dynamics of quantum phase transitions, specifically, the nontrivial long-range physics.

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