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arXiv 2202.06452cs.ITeess.SPmath.IT
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多径环境下的多用户波束对准

Multi-user Beam Alignment in Presence of Multi-path

Nariman Torkzaban, Mohammad A., Khojastepour, John S. Baras

摘要:

为了克服毫米波(mmWave)通信中的高路径损耗和强遮蔽,需要有效的波束形成方案,其结合具有高波束形成增益的窄波束。毫米波信道由几个空间集群组成,每个空间集群与离开角(AoD)相关联。窄波束必须与信道AoD对准以增加波束成形增益。这是通过称为波束对准(BA)的过程来实现的。文献中的大多数BA方案考虑具有单个主导路径的信道,而实际上信道具有几个具有不同AoD的可解析路径,因此,这样的BA方案在存在多径的情况下可能不能正确工作,或者至少不利用这样的多径来实现分集或增加鲁棒性。在本文中,我们提出了一个有效的BA方案存在的多径。所提出的BA方案发送探测数据包使用一组扫描波束和接收反馈的所有扫描波束在探测阶段结束时从每个用户。我们制定的BA计划最小化的平均传输波束宽度的期望值在不同的政策。该策略被定义为从接收到的反馈的集合到传输波束(TB)的集合的函数。为了最大化可能的反馈序列的数量,我们证明了扫描光束(SB)的集合有一个特殊的形式,即郁金香设计。因此,我们重写的最小化问题的一组线性约束和减少的变量,这是通过使用一个有效的贪心算法。

英文摘要:

To overcome the high path-loss and the intense shadowing in millimeter-wave (mmWave) communications, effective beamforming schemes are required which incorporate narrow beams with high beamforming gains. The mmWave channel consists of a few spatial clusters each associated with an angle of departure (AoD). The narrow beams must be aligned with the channel AoDs to increase the beamforming gain. This is achieved through a procedure called beam alignment (BA). Most of the BA schemes in the literature consider channels with a single dominant path while in practice the channel has a few resolvable paths with different AoDs, hence, such BA schemes may not work correctly in the presence of multi-path or at the least do not exploit such multipath to achieve diversity or increase robustness. In this paper, we propose an efficient BA scheme in presence of multi-path. The proposed BA scheme transmits probing packets using a set of scanning beams and receives feedback for all the scanning beams at the end of the probing phase from each user. We formulate the BA scheme as minimizing the expected value of the average transmission beamwidth under different policies. The policy is defined as a function from the set of received feedback to the set of transmission beams (TB). In order to maximize the number of possible feedback sequences, we prove that the set of scanning beams (SB) has a special form, namely, Tulip Design. Consequently, we rewrite the minimization problem with a set of linear constraints and a reduced number of variables which is solved by using an efficient greedy algorithm.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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