arXiv 2202.050922022-02gr-qc

用GWTC-3检验标准模型推广中引力的洛伦兹不变性

Testing Lorentz Invariance of Gravity in the Standard Model Extension with GWTC-3

Rui Niu, Tao Zhu, Wen Zhao

备注：: 29 pages, 6 figures
DOI：: 10.1088/1475-7516/2022/12/011

摘要：

引力波的成功探测为探索引力的本质提供了新的途径。有了探测到的事件的累积目录，我们可以从各个方面对广义相对论进行检验，而且精度越来越高。本文主要研究了引力波传播过程中的洛仑兹对称性。考虑到标准模型扩展中规范不变的线性化引力扇区中的色散关系，由于Lorentz破坏修正，引力波在传播过程中会产生各向异性、双折射和色散效应，导致探测器接收到的引力波波形发生相位衰减。利用扭曲的波形，我们对最后一个引力波目录中的置信事件进行了完整的贝叶斯推断。我们考虑两种情况下与最低质量维度$d=5,6$，这应该是有最显着的影响，并把约束的展开系数表征洛伦兹破坏行为有16个独立的组件$d=5$和18个组件$d=6$。我们在引力波数据中没有发现Lorentz破坏的证据，对系数的约束分别是$d=5$的$10^{-15}{\rm m}$和$d=6$的$10^{-10}{\rm m^2}$.

英文摘要：

Successful detection of gravitational waves has presented a new avenue to explore the nature of gravity. With the cumulative catalog of detected events, we can perform tests on General Relativity from various aspects with increasing precision. In this work, we focus on Lorentz symmetry during propagation of gravitational waves. Considering the dispersion relation in the gauge-invariant linearized gravity sector of the Standard-Model Extension, the anisotropy, birefringence, and dispersion effects will be induced during propagation of gravitational waves because of the Lorentz violating modification, and cause dephasings in waveform received by detectors. With the distorted waveform, we perform full Bayesian inference with confident events in the last gravitational wave catalog. We consider two cases associated with the lowest mass dimension $d=5,6$ which are supposed to have the most significant effects, and place the constraints on the expansion coefficients characterizing the Lorentz violating behavior which have 16 independent components for $d=5$ and 18 components for $d=6$. We do not find any evidence for Lorentz violation in the gravitational wave data, the constraints on the coefficients are on the order of $10^{-15}{\rm m}$ for $d=5$ and $10^{-10}{\rm m^2}$ for $d=6$ respectively.

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