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arXiv 2202.04875hep-ph
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反常束缚系统

Abnormal Bound Systems

V. A. Karmanov

摘要:

人们想当然地认为,束缚系统是由通过粒子交换相互作用的大量组分组成的(带电粒子通过光子交换相互作用,基本粒子中的夸克通过胶子交换相互作用,核中的核子通过介子交换相互作用)。然而,正如最近理论上发现的那样,存在由交换粒子主导的系统(至少对于零交换质量)。在这些系统中,大质量组分的贡献可以忽略不计。这些系统具有相对论性质(因为它们主要由以光速运动的无质量粒子组成),因此它们不能用薛定谔方程描述。虽然这些结果到目前为止是在简单的Wick-Cutkosky模型(无自旋成分通过无自旋无质量交换的阶梯相互作用)中发现的,但它们存在的物理基础似乎相当普遍。

英文摘要:

It is taken for granted that bound systems are made of massive constituents that interact through particle exchanges (charged particles interacting via photon exchanges, quarks in elementary particles interacting via gluon exchanges, and nucleons in nuclei interacting via meson exchanges). However, as was recently theoretically found, there exist systems dominated by exchange particles (at least for the zero exchange masses). In these systems, the contribution of massive constituents is negligible. These systems have a relativistic nature (since they are mainly made of massless particles moving at the speed of light), and therefore, they cannot be described by the Schroedinger equation. Though these results were found so far in the simple Wick--Cutkosky model (spinless constituents interacting via the ladder of spinless massless exchanges), the physical ground for their existence seems to be rather general.

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