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arXiv 2201.12526astro-ph.COastro-ph.HE
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暗引力波标准塞壬作为宇宙学推论及利用分赫兹天文台观测到的双星黑洞预测对哈勃常数的约束

On Dark Gravitational Wave Standard Sirens as Cosmological Inference and Forecasting the Constraint on Hubble Constant using Binary Black Holes Detected by Deci-hertz Observatory

Ju Chen, Changshuo Yan, Youjun Lu, Yuetong Zhao, Junqiang Ge

备注：
15 pages, 9 figures
发表信息：
Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics, 22:015020,2022
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摘要：

如果能独立测量到致密双星合并产生的引力波（GW）信号的红移，则GW信号可以作为标准信号来约束宇宙学参数。然而，恒星双星黑洞（BBH）的合并可能没有电磁对应物，因此没有直接的红移测量。这些黑暗的警笛可能仍然被用来统计约束宇宙学参数相结合的GW测量的光度距离和本地化的深红移调查的星系周围it.We调查这种黑暗的警笛方法详细使用模拟BBH和星系样本。我们发现，哈勃常数可以约束以及与几十个或更多的BBH合并在红移$1$的精度$\lesssim1\%$，如果GW的观测可以提供准确的估计，他们的光度距离（与相对误差$\lesssim0.01$）和本地化（$\lesssim0.1~\rm{deg}^2$），虽然约束可能会显着偏差，如果光度距离和本地化误差较大。我们还介绍了一个简单的方法来纠正这种偏见，发现它是有效的，当光度，距离和定位误差是适度大。根据当前对BBH合并速率的限制和BBH性质的分布，我们进一步生成模拟BBH样本，发现分赫兹天文台（DO）在半年的观测周期内可以探测到约100个具有信噪比$\varrho\gtrsim30$、相对光度距离误差$\lesssim0.02$和定位误差$\lesssim0.01\rm{deg}^2$的BBH。通过应用暗标准塞壬方法，我们发现利用这些DO BBH可以将哈勃常数约束到$\sim0.1-1\%$水平，其精度可与近期利用电磁观测得到的约束相媲美，从而可以提供对哈勃张力的洞察。

英文摘要：

Gravitational wave (GW) signals from compact binary coalescences can be used as standard sirens to constrain cosmological parameters if their redshift can be measured independently. However, mergers of stellar binary black holes (BBHs) may not have electromagnetic counterparts and thus have no direct redshift measurements. These dark sirens may be still used to statistically constrain cosmological parameters by combining their GW measured luminosity distances and localization with deep redshift surveys of galaxies around it. We investigate this dark siren method in detail by using mock BBH and galaxy samples. We find that the Hubble constant can be constrained well with an accuracy $\lesssim1\%$ with a few tens or more of BBH mergers at redshift up to $1$ if GW observations can provide accurate estimates of their luminosity distance (with relative error of $\lesssim0.01$) and localization ($\lesssim0.1~\rm{deg}^2$), though the constraint may be significantly biased if the luminosity distance and localization errors are larger. We also introduce a simple method to correct this bias and find it is valid when the luminosity distance and localization errors are modestly large. We further generate mock BBH samples, according to current constraints on BBH merger rate and the distributions of BBH properties, and find that the Deci-hertz Observatory (DO) in a half year observation period may detect about one hundred BBHs with signal-to-noise ratio $\varrho\gtrsim30$, relative luminosity distance error $\lesssim0.02$, and localization error $\lesssim0.01\rm{deg}^2$. By applying the dark standard siren method, we find that the Hubble constant can be constrained to the $\sim0.1-1\%$ level using these DO BBHs, an accuracy comparable to the constraints obtained by using electromagnetic observations in the near future, thus it may provide insight into the Hubble tension.

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