利用未来的引力波空间探测器 DECIGO 区分 $Λ$CDM 与演化暗能量
Distinguishing $Λ$CDM from evolving dark energy with the future gravitational-wave space-borne detector DECIGO
AI总结：
本文提出利用未来空间引力波探测器 DECIGO 通过标准警笛获取 $0<z<5$ 红移范围内的大量 $H(z)$ 测量数据，以执行 $Omh^2$ 两点诊断，从而有效区分 $Λ$CDM 模型与演化暗能量。
摘要：
$Omh^2(z_i,z_j)$ 两点诊断被提出作为 $Λ$CDM 模型的试金石测试，宇宙膨胀率 $H(z)$ 的测量已被广泛用于执行此测试。迄今为止获得的结果表明观测与 $Λ$CDM 模型的预测之间存在张力。然而，来自宇宙计时器和 BAO 的 $H(z)$ 直接测量数据集相当有限。这促使我们研究在以替代方式获取的更大样本上执行此测试的性能。在本快报中，我们提出引力波（GW）标准警笛可以提供 $0<z<5$ 红移范围内的大量 $H(z)$ 测量样本，这基于由大尺度结构的物质不均匀性和观测者的局部运动引起的亮度距离偶极各向异性的测量。我们基于来自双中子星并合系统的综合 $H(z)$ 模拟数据集，在未来代空间探测器 DECIGO 的背景下讨论了我们方法的有效性。我们的结果表明，在 GW 领域，$Omh^2(z_i,z_j)$ 两点诊断可以有效区分 $Λ$CDM 是否是对我们宇宙的最佳描述。我们还讨论了我们的方法在确定暗能量演化可能证据方面的潜力，重点关注其在常数和红移依赖的暗能量状态方程上的表现。
英文摘要：
The $Omh^2(z_i,z_j)$ two point diagnostics was proposed as a litmus test of $Λ$CDM model and measurements of cosmic expansion rate $H(z)$ have been extensively used to perform this test. The results obtained so far suggested a tension between observations and predictions of the $Λ$CDM model. However, the dataset of $H(z)$ direct measurements from cosmic chronometers and BAO was quite limited. This motivated us to study the performance of this test on a larger sample obtained in an alternative way. In this Letter, we propose that gravitational wave (GW) standard sirens could provide large samples of $H(z)$ measurements in the redshift range of $0<z<5$, based on the measurements of dipole anisotropy of luminosity distance arising from the matter inhomogeneities of large-scale structure and the local motion of observer. We discuss the effectiveness of our method in the context of the future generation space-borne DECi-herz Interferometer Gravitaional-wave Observatory (DECIGO), based on a comprehensive $H(z)$ simulated data set from binary neutron star merger systems. Our result indicate that in the GW domain, the $Omh^2(z_i,z_j)$ two point diagnostics could effectively distinguish whether $Λ$CDM is the best description of our Universe. We also discuss the potential of our methodology in determining possible evidence for dark energy evolution, focusing on its performance on the constant and redshift-dependent dark energy equation of state.
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