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arXiv 2201.11130quant-phgr-qc
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带扭转的纠缠提取

Entanglement Harvesting with a Twist

Laura J. Henderson, Su Yu Ding, Robert B. Mann

AI总结:

本研究采用纠缠提取协议对比$\text{RP}_2$ geon与BTZ黑洞外部的量子标量场真空纠缠,发现经典隐藏拓扑会随探测器能隙和黑洞质量变化,显著影响提取的纠缠量与纠缠阴影大小,为探测黑洞隐藏拓扑提供量子途径。

摘要:

宇宙监督假设的一个推论是,任何拓扑结构最终都会坍缩到一组黑洞的视界之内,因此外部的经典观测者将无法探测到它。然而,已有研究表明,单个始终处于视界之外的二能级量子系统(UDW探测器,即Unruh-DeWitt探测器)能够通过不同的响应率,区分黑洞与其对应的geon(引力子星)天体。在此,我们通过研究该时空中量子标量场真空态的纠缠结构,以及其与对应BTZ黑洞时空的差异,拓展了对$\boldsymbol{\text{RP}_2}$ geon外部量子真空的研究。我们采用纠缠提取协议——将场的纠缠交换到一对UDW探测器上——发现当质量足够小时,geon的经典隐藏拓扑会导致两种时空中提取到的纠缠量存在显著差异。在该区间内,我们发现能隙较小的探测器在BTZ时空中能提取到更多纠缠;但随着能隙增大,探测器在geon时空中提取的纠缠更多。交叉点处的能隙与黑洞质量相关,质量越低,交叉能隙值越小。这一现象也会影响纠缠阴影的大小——即视界附近探测器无法提取纠缠的区域。小能隙探测器在geon时空中会遇到更大的纠缠阴影,而对于大能隙探测器,BTZ时空中的纠缠阴影更大。

英文摘要:

One consequence of the cosmic censorship conjecture is that any topological structure will ultimately collapse to within the horizons of a set of black holes, and as a result, an external classical observer will be unable to probe it. However a single two-level quantum system (UDW detector) that remains outside of the horizon has been shown to distinguish between a black hole and its associated geon counterpart via its different response rates. Here we extend this investigation of the quantum vacuum outside of an $\mathbb{RP}_2$ geon by considering the entanglement structure of the vacuum state of a quantum scalar field in this spacetime, and how this differs from its BTZ black hole counterpart. Employing the entanglement harvesting protocol, where field entanglement is swapped to a pair of UDW detectors, we find that the classically hidden topology of the geon can have an appreciable difference in the amount of entanglement harvested in the two spacetimes for sufficiently small mass. In this regime, we find that detectors with a small energy gap harvest more entanglement in the BTZ spacetime; however as the energy gap increases, the detectors harvest more entanglement in a geon spacetime. The energy gap at the crossover is dependent on the black hole mass, occurring at a lower values for lower masses. This also impacts the size of the entanglement shadow, the region near the horizon where the detectors cannot harvest entanglement. Small gap detectors experience a larger entanglement shadow in a geon spacetime, whereas for large gap detectors the shadow is larger in a BTZ spacetime.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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