相干离域物质的纠缠捕获
Entanglement harvesting with coherently delocalized matter
摘要：
本文研究了原子、离子或分子等物质系统的纠缠捕获，这些系统的质心自由度是量子离域的，并且耦合到相对论量子场。我们采用了一个广义的Unruh-deWitt检测器模型的光-物质相互作用，我们调查如何相干扩展的量子质心波函数的两个离域检测器系统的影响他们的能力，成为相互纠缠，通过他们各自的相互作用与量子场。对于非常大质量的检测器，最初高度本地化的质量中心，我们恢复的结果纠缠收获的点状Unruh-deWitt检测器与经典的质心自由度。我们发现，纠缠捕获是高斯抑制在初始的质心离域的检测器。我们进一步发现，空间涂抹配置文件，这是通常用于模拟有限大小的原子，由于他们的原子轨道，不适合模型的质心离域。最后，对于相干离域探测器，我们比较了在真空中的纠缠收获介质中的纠缠收获。我们发现，纠缠收获显着抑制介质中的波的传播速度是远远小于真空光速。
英文摘要：
We study entanglement harvesting for matter systems such as atoms, ions or molecules, whose center of mass degrees of freedom are quantum delocalized and which couple to a relativistic quantum field. We employ a generalized Unruh-deWitt detector model for the light-matter interaction, and we investigate how the coherent spreading of the quantum center of mass wave function of two delocalized detector systems impacts their ability to become entangled with one another, via their respective interaction with a quantum field. For very massive detectors with initially highly localized centers of mass, we recover the results of entanglement harvesting for pointlike Unruh-deWitt detectors with classical center of mass degrees of freedom. We find that entanglement harvesting is Gaussian suppressed in the initial center of mass delocalization of the detectors. We further find that spatial smearing profiles, which are commonly employed to model the finite size of atoms due to their atomic orbitals, are not suited to model center of mass delocalization. Finally, for coherently delocalized detectors, we compare entanglement harvesting in the vacuum to entanglement harvesting in media. We find that entanglement harvesting is significantly suppressed in media in which the wave propagation speed is much smaller than the vacuum speed of light.
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