This study is a continuation of the combined experimental and numerical investigation [1] of the flow of the eutectic GaInSn alloy inside a cylindrical vessel exposed to a constant electrical current. The emerging electrovortex flow driven by the interaction of the current, which is applied through a tapered electrode, with its own magnetic field might have both detrimental and advantageous effects in liquid metal batteries. While the former work [1] was mainly concerned with time-averaged results, this paper focuses on the transient behaviour of the electrovortex flow which becomes most relevant under the influence of an external axial field. The additional Lorentz force generated by the interaction of the imposed current with the vertical component of the geomagnetic field bz drives the ordinary electrovortex jet flow into a swirling motion. Velocity distributions and motion characteristics, such as spiral streamlines and shortened and irregularly swinging jet regions, are investigated. The mechanism is analysed in detail for bz = 25.5 μT. The maximum angular velocity of the rotating jet is basically linearly dependent on bz, at least for the values studied here. A good agreement between the transient simulation and the experimental result is shown.
Surface wave dynamics in orbital shaken cylindrical containers
无论是在品尝前给一杯葡萄酒充气，加速化学反应还是培养悬浮细胞，容器的“旋转”（或轨道摇动）都能确保以有效而简单的方式进行良好的混合和气体交换。尽管在大范围的应用中使用，但这种直观的运动还远未被理解，并且呈现出丰富的模式和行为，这尚未被报道。本研究绘制了波浪的演变，其中操作参数识别了各种各样的模式，从单个和多个波峰波到破碎波。自由表面和速度场的测量进行比较，一个潜在的晃动模型，突出了各种流态的存在。我们的研究评估了振动液体的模态响应的重要性，奠定了基础，在其应用中的轨道搅拌的严格的混合优化。版权所有（2014）美国物理研究所。本文仅可供个人使用。任何其他用途都需要事先获得作者和美国物理研究所的许可。以下文章出现在Physics of Fluids 26，052104（2014）中，可以在http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4874612上找到
