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arXiv 2201.07084math.CO
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图与嵌入图的斜特征多项式

Skew characteristic polynomial of graphs and embedded graphs

R. Dogra, S. Lando

AI总结:

引入图的单变量斜特征多项式不变量,证明其满足 Vassiliev 4-项关系从而确定有限型纽结不变量,并将其双变量扩展至嵌入图与 delta-matroids 以确定多分量链环的有限型不变量。

摘要:

我们引入了一种新的单变量图多项式不变量,称之为斜特征多项式。对于有向简单图,它就是其反邻接矩阵的特征多项式。对于无向简单图,定义有所不同,但对于特定的一类图(即弦图相交图),若赋予由弦图诱导的定向,则给出相同的答案。我们证明该不变量满足 Vassiliev 4-项关系,因此确定一个有限型纽结不变量。我们研究了该多项式在图的 Hopf 代数结构下的行为,并证明它在该 Hopf 代数的任意本原元上取常数值。我们还将斜特征多项式双变量扩展至嵌入图和 delta-matroids。扩展多项式的 4-项关系证明其确定了一个多分量链环的有限型不变量。

英文摘要:

We introduce a new one-variable polynomial invariant of graphs, which we call the skew characteristic polynomial. For an oriented simple graph, this is just the characteristic polynomial of its anti-symmetric adjacency matrix. For nonoriented simple graphs the definition is different, but for a certain class of graphs (namely, for intersection graphs of chord diagrams), it gives the same answer if we endow such a graph with an orientation induced by the chord diagram. We prove that this invariant satisfies Vassiliev's $4$-term relations and determines therefore a finite type knot invariant. We investigate the behaviour of the polynomial with respect to the Hopf algebra structure on the space of graphs and show that it takes a constant value on any primitive element in this Hopf algebra. We also provide a two-variable extension of the skew characteristic polynomial to embedded graphs and delta-matroids. The $4$-term relations for the extended polynomial prove that it determines a finite type invariant of multicomponent links.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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