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arXiv 2201.06855physics.flu-dyn
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具有振动模的分子气体稀薄流动的动力学模型

A kinetic model for rarefied flows of molecular gas with vibrational modes

Qi Li, Lei Wu

摘要:

本文提出了一个具有转动和温度依赖的振动自由度的分子气体稀薄流动的动力学模型。当不考虑平动模和内模之间的能量交换时,该模型可简化为单原子气体的Boltzmann方程,从而可以考虑分子间相互作用势的影响。此外,不仅输运系数,而且他们的基本弛豫过程恢复。我们的动力学模型的准确性进行了验证,通过直接模拟Monte Carlo方法在几个稀薄气体流动,包括激波,傅立叶流,Couette流,和麦克斯韦的恶魔驱动的蠕变流。然后采用动力学模型研究热诱导流动。通过调整玻尔兹曼碰撞算符中的粘性指数,我们发现分子间势对速度和克努森力有显著的影响。有趣的是,在过渡流区,当粘度指数从0.5(硬球气体)变化到1(麦克斯韦气体)时,作用在加热梁上的努森力可以反转方向。这一发现对于微结构驱动和气体传感的微机电系统的设计是有用的。

英文摘要:

A kinetic model is proposed for rarefied flows of molecular gas with rotational and temperature-dependent vibrational degrees of freedom. The model reduces to the Boltzmann equation for monatomic gas when the energy exchange between the translational and internal modes is absent, thus the influence of intermolecular potential can be captured. Moreover, not only the transport coefficients but also their fundamental relaxation processes are recovered. The accuracy of our kinetic model is validated by the direct simulation Monte Carlo method in several rarefied gas flows, including the shock wave, Fourier flow, Couette flow, and the creep flow driven by Maxwell's demon. Then the kinetic model is adopted to investigate thermally-induced flows. By adjusting the viscosity index in the Boltzmann collision operator, we find that the intermolecular potential significantly influences the velocity and Knudsen force. Interestingly, in the transition flow regime, the Knudsen force exerting on a heated beam could reverse the direction when the viscosity index changes from 0.5 (hard-sphere gas) to 1 (Maxwell gas). This discovery is useful in the design of micro-electromechanical systems for microstructure actuation and gas sensing.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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