Non-big Ulrich bundles: the classification on quadrics and the case of small numerical dimension
Angelo Felice Lopez, Roberto Muñoz, José Carlos Sierra
备注：
The previous version of arXiv:2201.06019 has been split into two papers. This version supersedes the first part, the second part will appear soon. v3: a few small improvements, as suggested by anonymous referee
On any smooth $n$-dimensional variety we give a pretty precise picture of rank $r$ Ulrich vector bundles with numerical dimension at most $\frac{n}{2}+r-1$. Also, we classify non-big Ulrich vector bundles on quadrics and on the Del Pezzo fourfold of degree $6$.
In this paper, we investigate the existence of Ulrich bundles on a smooth complete intersection of two $4$-dimensional quadrics in $\mathbb P^5$ by two completely different methods. First, we find good ACM curves and use Serre correspondence in order to construct Ulrich bundles, which is analogous to the construction on a cubic threefold by Casanellas-Hartshorne-Geiss-Schreyer. Next, we use Bondal-Orlov's semiorthogonal decomposition of the derived category of coherent sheaves to analyze Ulrich bundles. Using these methods, we prove that any smooth intersection of two 4-dimensional quadrics in…
In this paper, we consider the existence problem of rank one and two stable Ulrich bundles on imprimitive Fano 3-folds obtained by blowing-up one of $\mathbb{P}^{3}$, $Q$ (smooth quadric in $\mathbb{P}^{4}$), $V_{3}$ (smooth cubic in $\mathbb{P}^{4}$) or $V_{4}$ (complete intersection of two quadrics in $\mathbb{P}^{5}$) along a smooth irreducible curve. We prove that the only class which admits Ulrich line bundles is the one obtained by blowing up a genus 3, degree 6 curve in $\mathbb{P}^{3}$. Also, we prove that there exist stable rank two Ulrich bundles with $c_{1}=3H$ on a generic member o…
Let $X$ be any smooth prime Fano threefold of degree $2g-2$ in $\mathbb{P}^{g+1}$, with $g \in \{3,\ldots,10,12\}$. We prove that for any integer $d$ satisfying $\left\lfloor \frac{g+3}{2} \right\rfloor \leq d \leq g+3$ the Hilbert scheme parametrizing smooth irreducible elliptic curves of degree $d$ in $X$ is nonempty and has a component of dimension $d$, which is furthermore reduced except for the case when $(g,d)=(4,3)$ and $X$ is contained in a singular quadric. Consequently, we deduce that the moduli space of rank--two slope--stable $ACM$ bundles $\mathcal{F}_d$ on $X$ such that $\det(\ma…
We study geometrical properties of an Ulrich vector bundle $E$ of rank $r$ on a smooth $n$-dimensional variety $X \subseteq \mathbb P^N$. We characterize ampleness of $E$ and of $\det E$ in terms of the restriction to lines contained in $X$. We prove that all fibers of the map $Φ_E :X \to {\mathbb G}(r-1, \mathbb PH^0(E))$ are linear spaces, as well as the projection on $X$ of all fibers of the map $φ_E : \mathbb P(E) \to \mathbb P H^0(E)$. Then we get a number of consequences: a characterization of bigness of $E$ and of $\det E$ in terms of the maps $Φ_E$ and $φ_E$; when $\det E$ is big and $…
Let $S$ be a surface with $p_g(S)=0$, $q(S)=1$ and endowed with a very ample line bundle $\mathcal O_S(h)$ such that $h^1\big(S,\mathcal O_S(h)\big)=0$. We show that such an $S$ supports families of dimension $p$ of pairwise non-isomorphic, indecomposable, Ulrich bundles for arbitrary large $p$. Moreover, we show that $S$ supports stable Ulrich bundles of rank $2$ if the genus of the general element in $\vert h\vert$ is at least $2$.
Let $S$ be a surface with $p_g(S)=q(S)=0$ and endowed with a very ample line bundle $\mathcal O_S(h)$ such that $h^1\big(S,\mathcal O_S(h)\big)=0$. We show that $S$ supports special (often stable) Ulrich bundles of rank $2$, extending a recent result by A. Beauville. Moreover, we show that such an $S$ supports families of dimension $p$ of pairwise non-isomorphic, indecomposable, Ulrich bundles for arbitrary large $p$ except for very few cases. We also show that the same is true for linearly normal non-special surface in $\mathbb P^4$ of degree at least $4$, Enriques surface and anticanonical r…
We study the positivity of the first Chern class of a rank r Ulrich vector bundle E on a smooth n-dimensional variety $X \subseteq \mathbb P^N$. We prove that $c_1(E)$ is very positive on every subvariety not contained in the union of lines in X. In particular if X is not covered by lines, then E is big and $c_1(E)^n \ge r^n$. Moreover we classify rank r Ulrich vector bundles E with $c_1(E)^2=0$ on surfaces and with $c_1(E)^2=0$ or $c_1(E)^3=0$ on threefolds (with some exceptions).
We give a complete description of the bigraded Bredon cohomology ring of smooth projective real quadrics, with coefficients in the constant Mackey functor $ \mathbf{Z} $. These invariants are closely related to the integral motivic cohomology ring, which is not known for these varieties. Some of the results and techniques introduced can be applied to other geometrically cellular real varieties.
For even dimensional smooth complete intersections, of dimension at least 4, of two quadric hypersurfaces in a projective space, we study the genus zero Gromov-Witten invariants by the monodromy group of its whole family. We compute the invariants of length 4 and show that, besides a special invariant, all genus zero Gromov-Witten invariants can be reconstructed from the invariants of length 4. In dimension 4, we compute the special invariant by solving a curve counting problem. We show that the generating function of genus zero Gromov-Witten invariants has a positive radius of convergence. We…
The goal of this paper is to start a study of aCM and Ulrich sheaves on non-integral projective varieties. We show that any aCM vector bundle of rank two on the double plane is a direct sum of line bundles. As a by-product, any aCM vector bundle of rank two on a sufficiently high dimensional quadric hypersurface also splits. We consider aCM and Ulrich vector bundles on a multiple hyperplanes and prove the existence of such bundles that do not split, if the multiple hyperplane is linearly embedded into a sufficiently high dimensional projective space. Then we restrict our attention to the doubl…
Here we investigate meaningful families of vector bundles on a very general polarized $K3$ surface $(X,H)$ and on the corresponding Hyper--Kaehler variety given by the Hilbert scheme of points $X^{[k]}:= {\rm Hilb}^k(X)$, for any integer $k \geqslant 2$. In particular, we prove results concerning bigness and stability of such bundles. First, we give conditions on integers $n$ such that the twist of the tangent bundle of $X$ by the line bundle $nH$ is big and stable on~$X$; we then prove a similar result for a natural twist of the tangent bundle of $X^{[k]}$. Next, we prove global generation, b…
It is well-known that the group of regular projective transformations of $\mathbb{P}^3(\mathbb{R})$ is isomorphic to the group of projective automorphisms of Klein's quadric $M_2^4\subset\mathbb{P}^5(\mathbb{R})$. We introduce the Clifford algebra $\mathcal{C}\ell_{(3,3)}$ constructed over the quadratic space $\mathbb{R}^{(3,3)}$ and describe how points on Klein's quadric are embedded as null vectors, {\it i.e.}, grade-$1$ elements squaring to zero. Furthermore, we discuss how geometric entities from Klein's model can be transferred to this homogeneous Clifford algebra model. Automorphic colli…
In this paper, we study smooth complex projective varieties $X$ such that some exterior power $\bigwedge^r T_X$ of the tangent bundle is strictly nef. We prove that such varieties are rationally connected. We also classify the following two cases. If $T_X$ is strictly nef, then $X$ isomorphic to the projective space $\mathrm{P}^n$. If $\bigwedge^2 T_X$ is strictly nef and if $X$ has dimension at least $3$, then $X$ is either isomorphic to $\mathrm{P}^n$ or a quadric $\mathrm{Q}^n$.
This paper follows a previous one in which were introduced deformation invariants $χ^d_r$, $d \in H_2 (X ; \Z)$, $r \in \N$, of closed real symplectic four-manifolds $(X, ω, c_X)$, invariants which produced lower bounds in real enumerative geometry. We prove here using methods of symplectic field theory that the lower bounds are sharp when $r \leq 1$ and the real locus of the manifold contains a sphere, torus or real projective plane (under stronger assumptions in this last case). We also prove that a big power of two divides $χ^d_r$ as soon as r is not too big and when the real locus contains…
