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arXiv 2112.09010physics.chem-phcond-mat.other
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同位素效应对水反常现象的影响:对应态分析

Isotope effect on the anomalies of water: a corresponding states analysis

Frédéric Caupin, Pierre Ragueneau, Bruno Issenmann

AI总结:

针对水的同位素反常现象及现有温度偏移方法的缺陷,提出基于过冷水中液-液相临界点的对应态分析,实现热力学与动力学数据坍缩,揭示同位素效应与液-液相变的关联。

摘要:

轻水和重水在热力学和动力学性质上表现出相似的反常特征,且重水的反常现象一致地出现在更高温度下。重水的黏度随冷却上升的速度也更快,引发了显著的同位素效应,在244 K时黏度比接近2.4。虽然简单的温度偏移看似能让两种同位素的实验数据坍缩,但这种方法缺乏明确依据,其数值会随所考察的性质变化,还需要额外的特设标度因子。本文我们基于过冷水中可能存在的液-液相临界点,开展了对应态分析。这一方法提供了一个连贯的框架,可实现热力学数据的坍缩。同位素间动力学性质的比值会大幅降低。具体而言,以斯托克斯-爱因斯坦比Dη/T随温度T变化衡量的黏度η与自扩散系数D之间的退耦现象,在应用对应态分析后被发现能够发生坍缩。我们的结果与模拟结果一致,表明各类同位素效应反映了液-液相变上的同位素效应。

英文摘要:

Light and heavy water show similar anomalies in thermodynamic and dynamic properties, with a consistent trend of anomalies occurring at higher temperature in heavy water. Viscosity also increases faster upon cooling in heavy water, causing a giant isotope effect, with a viscosity ratio near 2.4 at 244 K. While a simple temperature shift apparently helps in collapsing experimental data for both isotopes, it lacks a clear justification, changes value with the property considered, and requires additional ad hoc scaling factors. Here we use a corresponding states analysis based on the possible existence of a liquid-liquid critical point in supercooled water. This provides a coherent framework which leads to the collapse of thermodynamic data. The ratio between dynamic properties of the isotopes is strongly reduced. In particular, the decoupling between viscosity $η$ and self-diffusion $D$, measured as a function of temperature $T$ by the Stokes-Einstein ratio $Dη/T$, is found to collapse after applying the corresponding states analysis. Our results are consistent with simulations and suggest that the various isotope effects mirror the one on the liquid-liquid transition.

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