Dwarf AGNs from Optical Variability for the Origins of Seeds (DAVOS): Insights from the Dark Energy Survey Deep Fields
Colin J. Burke, Xin Liu, Yue Shen, Kedar A. Phadke, Qian Yang, Will G. Hartley, Ian Harrison, Antonella Palmese, Hengxiao Guo, Kaiwen Zhang, Richard Kron, David… 展开作者
Colin J. Burke, Xin Liu, Yue Shen, Kedar A. Phadke, Qian Yang, Will G. Hartley, Ian Harrison, Antonella Palmese, Hengxiao Guo, Kaiwen Zhang, Richard Kron, David J. Turner, Paul A. Giles, Christopher Lidman, Yu-Ching Chen, Robert A. Gruendl, Ami Choi, Alexandra Amon, Erin Sheldon, M. Aguena, S. Allam, F. Andrade-Oliveira, D. Bacon, E. Bertin, D. Brooks, A. Carnero Rosell, M. Carrasco Kind, J. Carretero, C. Conselice, M. Costanzi, L. N. da Costa, M. E. S. Pereira, T. M. Davis, J. De Vicente, S. Desai, H. T. Diehl, S. Everett, I. Ferrero, B. Flaugher, J. García-Bellido, E. Gaztanaga, D. Gruen, J. Gschwend, G. Gutierrez, S. R. Hinton, D. L. Hollowood, K. Honscheid, B. Hoyle, D. J. James, K. Kuehn, M. A. G. Maia, J. L. Marshall, F. Menanteau, R. Miquel, R. Morgan, F. Paz-Chinchón, A. Pieres, A. A. Plazas Malagón, K. Reil, A. K. Romer, E. Sanchez, M. Schubnell, S. Serrano, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, M. Smith, E. Suchyta, G. Tarle, D. Thomas, C. To, T. N. Varga, R. D. Wilkinson, DES Collaboration
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21 pages, 22 figures incl. 3 appendices; accepted for publication in MNRAS
We present a sample of 706, $z < 1.5$ active galactic nuclei (AGNs) selected from optical photometric variability in three of the Dark Energy Survey (DES) deep fields (E2, C3, and X3) over an area of 4.64 deg$^2$. We construct light curves using difference imaging aperture photometry for resolved sources and non-difference imaging PSF photometry for unresolved sources, respectively, and characterize the variability significance. Our DES light curves have a mean cadence of 7 days, a 6 year baseline, and a single-epoch imaging depth of up to $g \sim 24.5$. Using spectral energy distribution (SED) fitting, we find 26 out of total 706 variable galaxies are consistent with dwarf galaxies with a reliable stellar mass estimate ($M_{\ast}<10^{9.5}\ M_\odot$; median photometric redshift of 0.9). We were able to constrain rapid characteristic variability timescales ($\sim$ weeks) using the DES light curves in 15 dwarf AGN candidates (a subset of our variable AGN candidates) at a median photometric redshift of 0.4. This rapid variability is consistent with their low black hole masses. We confirm the low-mass AGN nature of one source with a high S/N optical spectrum. We publish our catalog, optical light curves, and supplementary data, such as X-ray properties and optical spectra, when available. We measure a variable AGN fraction versus stellar mass and compare to results from a forward model. This work demonstrates the feasibility of optical variability to identify AGNs with lower black hole masses in deep fields, which may be more "pristine" analogs of supermassive black hole seeds.
DAVOS: Dwarf Active Galactic Nuclei from Variability for the Origins of Seeds: Properties of Variability-Selected Active Galactic Nuclei in the COSMOS Field and Expectations for the Rubin Observatory
Dwarf Active Galactic Nuclei from Variability for the Origins of Seeds (DAVOS): Properties of Variability-Selected AGNs in the Dark Energy Survey Deep Fields
Mid-Infrared Colors of Dwarf Galaxies: Young Starbursts Mimicking Active Galactic Nuclei
在矮星系中寻找活动星系核（AGN）对于我们理解早期宇宙中形成的种子黑洞具有重要意义。在这里，我们测试在低星系质量的活动星系核活动的红外选择方法。我们的母星系样本由斯隆数字巡天中的约18，000个邻近矮星系（M*< 3 x 10^9 Msun，$z<0.055$）组成，在宽视场红外巡天探测器（WISE）发布的AllWISE数据的前三个波段中有重要的探测结果。首先，我们证明了大多数矮星系中的光学选择活动星系核没有被选择为活动星系核使用WISE红外颜色诊断和红外辐射是由宿主星系占主导地位。然后，我们研究了光学选择的成星矮星系的红外特性，发现具有最红红外颜色的星系是最紧凑的，具有蓝色光学颜色，年轻的恒星年龄和大的比恒星形成率。这些结果表明，在使用红外颜色选择矮星系中的活动星系时必须非常小心，因为恒星形成矮星系能够以模仿更明亮活动星系的红外颜色的方式加热尘埃。特别是，一个简单的$\mathrm{W1}-\mathrm{W2}$颜色切割单独不应该被用来选择矮星系的活动星系核。考虑到这些复杂性，我们提出了一个值得后续观测的41个矮星系的样本，这些矮星系落在WISE红外色空间中，通常被更明亮的活动星系核占据。
Back to basics: Little Red Dots as galaxies and dust-obscured AGNs in a synthetic NIRCam sky simulated with L-GalaxiesBH
Donostia International Physics Centre (DIPC)（多诺斯蒂亚国际物理中心）；University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU（巴斯克国立大学）；Como Lake Center for AstroPhysics, University of Insubria（因斯布鲁克大学科莫湖天体物理中心）；Dipartimento di Fisica “G. Occhialini”, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca（米兰比可卡大学 G. Occhialini 物理系）；INFN, Sezione di Milano-Bicocca（意大利国家核物理研究所米兰比可卡分部）；Key Laboratory for Computational Astrophysics, National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院国家天文台计算天体物理学重点实验室）；School of Astronomy and Space Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院大学天文与空间科学学院）；Institute for Frontiers in Astronomy and Astrophysics, Beijing Normal University（北京师范大学前沿天文与天体物理研究所）；School of Physics and Astronomy, Beijing Normal University（北京师范大学物理与天文学院）；Institute of Space Sciences (ICE, CSIC)（空间科学研究所（加泰罗尼亚高等研究学院，西班牙国家科研委员会））
Black Hole merger rates in the first billion years in light of JWST data
Kapteyn Astronomical Institute, University of Groningen（格罗宁根大学卡普坦天文研究所）；Departamento de Astronomía Cerro Calan, Universidad de Chile（智利大学塞罗卡兰天文学系）；Millennium Nucleus on Transversal Research and Technology to Explore Supermassive Black Holes (TITANS)（探索超大质量黑洞跨学科研究与技术千年核（TITANS））；David A. Dunlap Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Toronto（多伦多大学大卫A.邓普林天文学与天体物理学系）；Departemen Fisika, FMIPA, Universitas Indonesia（印度尼西亚大学理学院物理系）；LUX, Observatoire de Paris, Universitè PSL, Sorbonne Universitè, CNRS（巴黎天文台卢克斯实验室，巴黎文理研究大学，索邦大学，法国国家科学研究中心）
Physical origin of very-high-energy gamma rays from the low-luminosity active galactic nucleus NGC 4278 and implications for neutrino observations
Guangxi University（广西大学）；The Pennsylvania State University（宾夕法尼亚州立大学）；Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院高能物理研究所）；TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center（天府宇宙线研究中心）；Tohoku University（东北大学）
JWST Reveals Compact Nuclear Starbursts Masquerading as AGNs in Metal-Poor Dwarfs: Where Are the Accreting Intermediate-Mass Black Holes?
George Mason University（乔治梅森大学）；NASA Goddard Space Flight Center（美国宇航局戈达德太空飞行中心）；Oak Ridge Associated Universities（橡树岭联合大学）；University of California, Riverside（加州大学河滨分校）；The University of Texas at Austin（得克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校）；Center for Space Sciences and Technology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County（马里兰大学巴尔的摩县分校空间科学与技术中心）；University of Cincinnati（辛辛那提大学）
Spectral Uniformity of Little Red Dots: A Natural Outcome of Coevolving Seed Black Holes and Nascent Starbursts
Kavli Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics, Peking University（北京大学科维理天文与天体物理研究所）；The Pennsylvania State University（宾夕法尼亚州立大学）；Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kyoto University（京都大学汤川理论物理研究所）；Tohoku University（东北大学）；Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (Kavli IPMU, WPI), The University of Tokyo（东京大学宇宙物质前沿研究中心（Kavli IPMU））
