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arXiv 2110.04798physics.optics
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宽带X波与轨道angular momentum

Broadband X-waves with orbital angular momentum

Miguel A. Porras, Raúl García-Álvarez

摘要:

我们描述了最小的无衍射和无色散的超光速波包(X波和一般的超光速局域波),它可以携带一定数量的单位$m$的轨道角动量(OAM)每光子。即使它们的频谱足够宽以合成单极脉冲,OAM也会施加具有与OAM单位一样多的零的时间脉冲形状,因此产生$|m|/2$时间振荡。宽带频谱中的所有频率都显示出来,就像彩虹一样,从漩涡附近的蓝色频率到波周边的红色频率。同时,整个波包经历与$|m|$成比例的蓝移。由于径向红移和OAM蓝移,中心涡旋周围的明亮环的颜色与OAM无关,并且仅由宽带源光谱决定。鉴于OAM的X波具有非常特殊的性质,它们的生成和使用,而不是标准的拉盖尔-高斯模式,可以提高基于OAM的通信和量子密码系统的性能,以及OAM生成高次谐波和阿秒脉冲的效率。

英文摘要:

We describe the minimal diffraction-free and dispersion-free, superluminal wave packets (X-waves and generic superluminal localized waves) that can carry a given amount of units $m$ of orbital angular momentum (OAM) per photon. Even if their frequency spectrum is wide enough to synthesize a unipolar pulse, OAM imposes a temporal pulse shape with as many zeroes as units of OAM, and therefore $|m|/2$ temporal oscillations. All the frequencies in the broadband spectrum are displayed, like in a rainbow, from the bluer ones in the vicinity of the vortex to the redder ones in the wave periphery. At the same time, the whole wave paclet experiences a blue shift proportional to $|m|$. As a result of the radial red shift and the OAM blue shift, the colour of the brilliant ring around the central vortex is independent of OAM, and solely determined by the broadband source spectrum. Given the very peculiar properties of X-waves with OAM, their generation and use, instead of standard Laguerre-Gauss modes, could improve the performance of OAM-based communication and quantum cryptographic systems, as well as the efficiency of the generation of high harmonics and attosecond pulses with OAM.

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