Yichen Shen, Chia-Wei Hsu, John D Joannopoulos, Marin Soljačić
An optical broadband angular selective filter achieved by stacking of one-dimensional photonic crystals has promising potential in various applications. In this report, we demonstrate the first experimental realization of an optical broadband angular selective filter capable of operation in air, in contrast to our previous demonstration in index matching liquid.
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We demonstrate experimentally that stable single longitudinal mode operation can be readily achieved in PT-symmetric arrangements of coupled microring resonators. Whereas any active resonator is in principle capable of displaying single-wavelength operation, selective breaking of PT-symmetry can be utilized to systematically enhance the maximum achievable gain of this mode, even if a large number of competing longitudinal or transverse resonator modes fall within the amplification bandwidth of the inhomogeneously broadened active medium. This concept is robust with respect to fabrication toler…
We demonstrate a quantitative broadband fiber sensor, based on evanescent field sensing in the cladding holes of an air-suspended solid-core photonic crystal fiber. We discuss the fabrication process, together with the structural- and optical characterization of a range of different fibers. Measured mode profiles are in good agreement with finite element method calculations made without free parameters. The fraction of the light in the hollow cladding can be tuned via the core diameter of the fiber. Dispersion measurements are in excellent agreement with theory and demonstrate tuning of the ze…
Platforms for all-optical computing possess photonic circuits made of silicon-based channels, metal wires or optical fibers, etc. However, such solid waveguides suffer from the lack of reversibility and reconfigurability if facing the next generation of light-guiding-light (LGL) computing scheme, which envisions circuitry-free and rapidly reconfigurable systems powered by dynamic interactions between light beams. Here, we proposed the ubiquitous air as a restorable LGL signal manipulation medium with transient air-plasma waveguide circuits. Briefly, by focusing femtosecond laser beams in the f…
The spin-selective reflection to introduce chirality which can have a lot of applications in real life such as spectroscopy, optical setups, media industry etc. In this paper, a reflection based metasurface proposed to introduce the giant chiroptical effects at broadband visible and infrared (IR) regimes. The optimization and results of basic unit also termed as nanostructure are demonstrated here. The reflectance at the optimal parameters for the proposed nanostructure shows the inclusion of multiband giant chiroptical effects in reflection mode. The results show that this metasurface can eli…
Surfaces patterned with arrays of quasi-periodic air holes having conical depth profile have been studied for their effectiveness in suppressing air-substrate reflection in the wavelength range of 450-1350 nm (limited by our measurement). The role of quasi-periodic air-hole pattern, depth of holes and launch angle on the observed antireflection behavior are investigated. The average optical transmittance of the patterned quartz substrate at near normal incidence is more than 97% and reflectance is less than 2%. Patterned quartz surfaces with 450 nm thin graded rarefaction region maintain the a…
We discuss the possibility of realizing utlrabroadband omnidirectional absorbers and angularly selective coherent thermal emitters based on properly patterned plasmonic metastructures. Instead of relying on resonant concentration effects that inherently limit the bandwidth, we base our design on the combination of two inherently nonresonant effects: plasmonic Brewster funneling and adiabatic plasmonic focusing. With this approach, we demonstrate compact, broadband absorption and emission spanning terahertz, infrared and optical frequencies, ideal for various energy and defense applications.
Energy of propagating electromagnetic waves can be fully absorbed in a thin lossy layer, but only in a narrow frequency band, as follows from the causality principle. On the other hand, it appears that there are no fundamental limitations on broadband matching of thin absorbing layers. However, known thin absorbers produce significant reflections outside of the resonant absorption band. In this paper we explore possibilities to realize a thin absorbing layer which produces no reflected waves in a very wide frequency range, while the transmission coefficient has a narrow peak of full absorption…
We report enhanced broadband Terahertz (THz) generation and detailed characterization from the interaction of femtosecond two colour laser pulses with thin transparent dielectric tape target in ambient air. The proposed source is easy to implement, exhibits excellent scalability with laser energy. Spectral characterization using Fourier transform spectrometer reveals yield enhancement of more than 150 % in the THz region of 0.1 - 10 THz with respect to conventional two-colour laser plasma source in ambient air. Further, the source spectrum extends up to 40 THz with an enhancement of flux > 30 …
Integrated polarimetric receivers have the potential to define a new generation of lightweight, high-performance instrumentation for remote sensing. To date, on-chip polarization-selective devices such as polarizing beam-splitters have yet to even approach the necessary performance, due to fundamental design limitations. Here, we propose, simulate and experimentally demonstrate a method for realizing spatially-mapped birefringence onto integrated photonic circuits, deemed topographically anisotropic photonics. With this robust and widely tolerant approach, devices can be constructed with stron…
Fabrication, characterization, and analysis of an ultra-broadband lithography-free absorber is presented. An over 94% average absorption is experimentally achieved in the wavelength range of 450-1400 nm. This ultra-broadband absorption is obtained by a simple annealed tri-layer metal-insulator-metal (MIM) configuration. The metal used in the structure is Manganese (Mn), which also makes the structure cost-effective. It is shown that the structure retains its high absorption for TM polarization, up to 70 degrees, and, for TE polarization, up to 50 degrees. Moreover, the physical mechanism behin…
Broadband Angular-selective Mid-infrared Photodetector
提出一种可无缝集成于中红外光电探测器的角选择性微结构阵列，利用光展量守恒实现宽带高角选择性，滤除非目标角度辐射，显著提升信噪比且对偏振和波长不敏感。
Differing from the traditional method of achieving subwavelength interference, we have demonstrated the two-photon subwavelength interference effect of broadband chaotic light in a polarization-selective Michelson interferometer with an ultrafast two-photon absorption detector the first time, which is achieved by manipulating two-photon probability amplitudes involved in the interference. In theory, the two-photon polarization coherence matrix and probability amplitudes matrix are combined to develop polarized two-photon interference terms, which explains the experimental results well. In orde…
We have performed a numerical analysis of the structural dependence of the PCF parameters towards ultra-flat dispersion in the C-band of communication wavelength. The technique is based on regular square-lattice PCF with all the air-hole of same uniform diameter and the effective size of the air-holes are modified with a selective infiltration of the air-holes with liquids. The dependence of the PCF structural parameters namely air-hole diameter and hole-to-hole distance along with the infiltrating liquid has been investigated in details. It is shown that the infiltrating liquid has critical i…
Broadband Visible Wavelength Microcomb Generation In Silicon Nitride Microrings Through Air-Clad Dispersion Engineering
本文提出顶部和侧面空气包层的氮化硅微环色散工程方案，实验实现泵浦1060 nm和780 nm、分别延伸至680 nm和630 nm的宽带可见微梳，并模拟预测可达461 nm。
A photon-level broadband dual-comb interferometer for turbulent open-air trace gases detection application
提出一种可现场部署的光子级宽带双梳干涉仪，通过抑制湍流和光纤漂移导致的光程变化，实现4阿瓦每梳齿、量子噪声限制SNR的H13C14N高分辨光谱探测。
Dispersion Engineered Metastructures Enabling Broadband Angular Selectivity
本文提出一种结合 dispersion 工程和拓扑优化的方法，设计出具有约20%相对带宽的各向同性角选择性二维超结构，实现了在光学薄结构中宽频带角选择性散射。
The filamentational instability of spatially broadband femtosecond optical pulses in air is investigated by means of a kinetic wave equation for spatially incoherent photons. An explicit expression for the spatial amplification rate is derived and analyzed. It is found that the spatial spectral broadening of the pulse can lead to stabilization of the filamentation instability. Thus, optical smoothing techniques could optimize current applications of ultra-short laser pulses, such as atmospheric remote sensing.
We demonstrate how broadband angular selectivity can be achieved with stacks of one-dimensionally periodic photonic crystals, each consisting of alternating isotropic layers and effective anisotropic layers, where each effective anisotropic layer is constructed from a multilayered metamaterial. We show that by simply changing the structure of the metamaterials, the selective angle can be tuned to a broad range of angles; and, by increasing the number of stacks, the angular transmission window can be made as narrow as desired. As a proof of principle, we realize the idea experimentally in the m…
Broadband Solar Selective Absorber with Dallenbach-type Bilayer Structure Achieved Using Carbon Nanotube Membranes with Tailored Optical Spectra
针对传统材料限制干涉型吸收器制备的问题，本研究采用光谱定制的超薄单壁碳纳米管膜作为吸收层，制备Dallenbach型双层结构太阳能吸收器，实现高选择性吸收与低辐射损失，性能优于类黑体吸收器。
In this paper, a kind of helix-like chiral metamaterial, which can be realized with multiple conventional lithography or electron beam lithographic techniques, is proposed to achieve broadband bianisotropic optical response analogous to helical metamaterial. On the basis of twisted metamaterial, via tailoring the relative orientation within the lattice, the anisotropy of arc is converted into magneto-electric coupling of closely spaced arc pairs, which leads to a broad bianisotropic optical response. By connecting the adjacent upper and lower arcs, the coupling of metasurface pairs is transfor…
We experimentally demonstrated a high-order optical vortex pulsed laser based on a mode selective all-fiber fused coupler composed of a single-mode fiber (SMF) and a few-mode fiber (FMF). The fused SMF-FMF coupler inserted in the cavity not only acts as mode converter from LP01 mode to LP11 or LP21 modes with a broadband width over 100 nm, but also directly delivers femtosecond vortex pulses out of the mode locked cavity. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the generation of high-order pulse vortex beams in mode-locked fiber laser. The generated 140 femtosecond vortex bea…
In the nanophotonics community, there is an active discussion regarding the origin of the selective absorption/scattering of light by the resonances with nanorod arrays. Here we report a study of the resonances in ordered indium-tin-oxide (ITO) nanorod arrays resulted from the waveguide modes. We discover that with only 2.4% geometrical coverage, the micron-length nanorod arrays strongly interact with light across an extra-wide band from visible to mid-infrared resulting in less than 10% transmission. Simulations show excellent agreement with our experimental observation. Near-field profile ob…
Manipulating the polarisation of light is crucial for sensing and imaging applications. One such aspect in particular is selective transmission of one circular polarisation (spin) when light is transmitted through a medium or a device. However, most present methods of achieving this have relatively low efficiency and selectivity, whilst high selectivity examples rely on lossy and complex three-dimensional helical or multilayer structures. Here, we propose a dielectric metamaterial approach for achieving spin-selective transmission of electromagnetic waves, utilizing spin-controlled constructiv…
We have recently introduced the Vernier-based Direct Frequency Comb Cavity-Enhanced Spectroscopy technique and we present the corresponding formalism for quantitative broadband spectroscopy. We achieve high sensitivity and broadband performance by acquiring spectra covering more than 2000 cm$^{-1}$ around 12600 cm$^{-1}$ (800 nm), resolving the 3$ν$+$δ$ band of water vapor and the entire A-band of oxygen in ambient air. 31 300 independent spectral elements are acquired at the second time scale with an absorption baseline noise of 2$\times$10$^{-8}$ cm$^{-1}$ providing a merit figure of 1,1.10$…
Optical lever for broadband detection of fluid interface fluctuations
本研究提出了一种基于光学杠杆原理的宽频带检测装置，用于高精度监测液体界面波动，实现了从低频到高频的广泛动态范围检测。
In the world of epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) materials, the plasma is unique for its natural ENZ properties at the plasma frequency (wp). However, for the air plasma during femtosecond laser filamentation with wp in terahertz (THz) band, which is also known as a broadband THz emitter, the possible ENZ effect has long been neglected. In this work, interactions between the laser plasma in air and the radiated THz waves were investigated, and the THz resonance absorption at the ENZ point, which gave rise to the generation of surface plasmon waves, has been theoretically and experimentally demonstrated…
Humankind has long endeavored to control the propagation direction of light. Since time immemorial, shades, lenses and mirrors have been used to control the flow of light. In modern society, with the rapid development of nanotechnology, the control of light is moving toward devices at micrometer and even nanometer scales. At such scales, traditional devices based on geometrical optics reach their fundamental direction limits and cease to work. Nano photonics, on the other hand, has attracted wide attention from researchers, especially in the last decade, due to its ability to manipulate light …
Passive radiative cooling using temperature-dependent emissivity can sometimes outperform static emitters
本研究提出一种可在波长选择态与宽带发射态间切换的温度可调谐热发射体，利用VO₂相变实现，能在全温度范围保持高制冷潜力，性能优于传统静态发射体。
Subwavelength metal grating metamaterial for polarization selective optical antireflection coating
本文研究了一种一维金属/空气间隙亚波长光栅超材料，利用等离激元耦合共振在锗基底上实现偏振选择性增透，最大透射率达93.4%，且无需深亚波长周期，便于器件制造。
Mie-lithography: void-resonance-assisted femtosecond laser printing for deep-ultraviolet to near-infrared nano dispersion devices
本研究提出米氏光刻技术，通过在空气中制造纳米腔体激发米氏共振，实现高分辨率的宽波段光谱调控，展示了单材料集成的深紫外至近红外纳米光谱仪。
Nanophotonic waveguides with sub-wavelength mode confinement and engineered dispersion profiles are an excellent platform for application-tailored nonlinear optical interactions at low pulse energies. Here, we present fully air clad suspended-silicon waveguides for infrared frequency comb generation with optical bandwidth limited only by the silicon transparency. The achieved spectra are lithographically tailored to span 2.1 octaves in the mid-infrared (2.0-8.5 um or 1170--5000 cm-1) when pumped at 3.10 um with 100 pJ pulses. Novel fork-shaped couplers provide efficient input coupling with onl…
A Silicon-Compatible Uncooled Compact Broadband Infrared Spectrometer
本文开发了一种集成GeSn光电探测器与单像素架构的硅兼容非制冷紧凑型宽带红外光谱仪，可实现室温下的宽带红外光谱检测，能有效区分商品塑料，为分布式分子传感等领域提供了便携方案。
Epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) metamaterial with the relative permittivity approaching zero has been a hot research subject in the past decades. The wave in the ENZ region has infinite phase velocity ($v=1/\sqrt{\varepsilonμ}$), whereas it cannot efficiently travel into the other devices or air due to the impedance mismatch or near-zero group velocity. In this paper, we demonstrate that the tunable index-near-zero (INZ) modes with vanishing wavenumbers ($k=0$) and nonzero group velocities ($v_\mathrm{g} \neq 0$) can be achieved in nonreciprocal magneto-optical systems. This kind of INZ modes has been…
Implementation of ultra-broadband optical null media via space-folding
通过空间折叠技术实现超宽带光学null介质，解决宽带与高透射率的矛盾，应用于电磁伪装和紧凑型微波器件。
The rising demand for transmission capacity in optical networks has motivated steady interest in expansion beyond the standard C-band (1530-1565 nm) into the adjacent L-band (1565-1625 nm), for an approximate doubling of capacity in a single stroke. However, in the context of quantum networking, the ability to leverage the L-band will require advanced tools for characterization and management of entanglement resources which have so far been lagging. In this work, we demonstrate an ultrabroadband two-photon source integrating both C- and L-band wavelength-selective switches for complete control…
Engineered optical absorbers are of substantial interest for applications ranging from stray light reduction to energy conversion. We demonstrate a large-area (centimeter-scale) metamaterial that features near-unity frequency-selective absorption in the mid-infrared wavelength range. The metamaterial comprises a self-assembled porous structure known as an inverse opal, here made of silica. The structure's large volume fraction of voids, together with the vibrational resonances of silica in the mid-infrared spectral range, reduce the metamaterial's refractive index to close to that of air and i…
A Disordered Photonic Medium Enabling Ultrabroadband Light Scattering and Selective Longwave Infrared Emission
本文通过吸收-散射竞争因子设计无序光子介质，实现无金属反射器的紫外至远红外反射与选择性长波红外发射，并验证了其增强辐射冷却和季节性热调节性能。
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