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arXiv 2109.09758cond-mat.str-el
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三角形稀土磁体晶体电场效应和量子磁模型参数的系统提取

Systematic extraction of crystal electric-field effects and quantum magnetic model parameters in triangular rare-earth magnets

Christopher A. Pocs, Peter E. Siegfried, Jie Xing, Athena S. Sefat, Michael Hermele, Bruce Normand, Minhyea Lee

摘要:

在理论和实验量子磁学的界面上的一个主要目标是研究奇异的自旋态,最著名的是量子自旋液体(QSL)。磁性稀土离子通过引入竞争的能量尺度而超越了海森堡反铁磁体中的几何挫挫的简单范例,特别是它们的强自旋-轨道耦合产生多个分裂晶体电场(CEF)能级,导致具有内在挫挫的各向异性有效自旋模型。虽然稀土铜铁矿具有三角形晶格几何形状,因此最近作为自旋1/2 QSL物理的候选者而受到关注,但从初始多参数CEF谱中可靠地提取有效自旋模型是一个困难的问题。使用的例子CsYbSe 2,我们证明了明确的提取的史蒂文斯运营商的系数指示的全部CEF光谱的Yb $^{3+}$通过将这些转换成参数与直接的物理解释。具体而言,我们结合低场磁化率测量与共振扭转磁力测量实验在字段高达60 T,以确定足够大的物理参数-有效塞曼分裂,各向异性范弗莱克系数,和磁致系数-的设置史蒂文斯算子系数是唯一的。我们的重要识别的强烈修正的塞曼分裂的Kramers双重范Vleck系数的解释所有各向异性磁化率测量有直接的后果。我们的研究结果使我们能够确定CsYbSe 2的有效自旋1/2模型的性质和有效性,为三角晶格上的此类模型的理论研究提供输入,并提供额外的材料洞察路线,以实现稀土化合物中的磁挫折和候选QSL系统。

英文摘要:

A primary goal at the interface of theoretical and experimental quantum magnetism is the investigation of exotic spin states, most notably quantum spin liquids (QSLs). Magnetic rare-earth ions go beyond the straightforward paradigm of geometrical frustration in Heisenberg antiferromagnets by introducing competing energy scales, and in particular their strong spin-orbit coupling creates multiple split crystal electric-field (CEF) levels, leading to anisotropic effective spin models with intrinsic frustration. While rare-earth delafossites have a triangular-lattice geometry, and thus have gained recent attention as candidates for hosting spin-1/2 QSL physics, the reliable extraction of effective spin models from the initial many-parameter CEF spectrum is a hard problem. Using the example of CsYbSe2, we demonstrate the unambiguous extraction of the Stevens-operators coefficients dictating the full CEF spectrum of Yb$^{3+}$ by translating these into parameters with a direct physical interpretation. Specifically, we combine low-field susceptibility measurements with resonant torsion magnetometry experiments in fields up to 60 T to determine a sufficiently large number of physical parameters -- effective Zeeman splittings, anisotropic van Vleck coefficients, and magnetotropic coefficients -- that the set of Stevens-operator coefficients is unique. Our crucial identification of the strong corrections to the Zeeman splitting of Kramers doublets as van Vleck coefficients has direct consequences for the interpretation of all anisotropic magnetic susceptibility measurements. Our results allow us to determine the nature and validity of an effective spin-1/2 model for CsYbSe2, to provide input for theoretical studies of such models on the triangular lattice, and to provide additional materials insight into routes for achieving magnetic frustration and candidate QSL systems in rare-earth compounds.

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